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Description
Flashcards by Mónica Garrido, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Mónica Garrido
about 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| The universe can be described in terms of | Matter and energy |
| The universe can be defined as | All that exists |
| Matter characteristics | Dimensions Inertia Gravity |
| Matter has dimensions means | That it occupies space=has volume |
| Matter has inertia means | It continues stopped or moving until a force is applied |
| Matter causes gravitational attraction means | Bodies/material systems attract each others |
| According to its limits, matter can be classified into | Bodies or material systems |
| Bodies are | Matter with defined limits |
| Material systems are | Matter with undefined limits |
| According to their size, bodies and material systems | Go from the microscopic to the macroscopic (we call them scales of observation) |
| Multiples and submultiples in the International System | Tera 10¹² Giga Mega Kilo 10³ Hecto Deca Unit 1 Deci Centi Mili 10-³ Micro Nano Pico 10-¹² |
| Matter is made up of | Atoms |
| Atoms size is | Very tiny, about 10-²º m |
| Atoms of the same kind form a | Chemical element |
| Atoms can form two types of substances | Pure substances and mixtures |
| Pure substances are characterized by | Having specific properties (like fussion,boiling point or density) and a constant chemical composition |
| According to their composition, pure substances can be | One type of atoms: elements Two or more types of atoms: compounds |
| Elements can be found in nature as | Atomic elements Molecular elements |
| In atomic elements, atoms can be | Free atoms (as in Helium) or joined atoms (atomic cristals, as in Iron) |
| We call molecular element to an element in which | Atoms of the same type are forming molecules of 2 or more atoms |
| Compounds can be found in nature as | Molecules (like water) Ionic crystals (like Sodium chloride) |
| A change is | any transformation that can be measured |
| Change implies interaction between | 2 bodies A body an a material system 2 material systems A material system/body with itself |
| Any change implies an exchange of | Energy |
| Some changes imply an exchange of | matter |
| According to what they can exchange with their surroundings, material systems can be classified into | Open systems: matter and energy Closed systems: only energy Isolated systems: neither matter nor energy |
| The way to transfer energy without trasferring matter is | through waves |
| Changes can be classified into | Physical changes: change properties but no new substances are produced Chemical changes: new substances are produced through a chemical reaction |
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