5194779
Description
Flashcards by Bee Brittain, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Bee Brittain
about 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Define the term 'Ionic Bonding' | Ionic Bonding is the electrostatic attraction between two oppositely charged ions |
| Where does ionic bonding occur? | Between a metal and non-metal |
| Anions | Negative Ions: Cl 1- O2 1- NO3 1- SO4 2- |
| Cations | Positive Ions: Na + Al 3+ Ca 2+ NH4 + |
| What is formed from ionic bonding? | A positive ion and a negative ion |
| Structure of Ionic Compounds | Each ion attracts opposite charged ions in all directions. As a result, a giant ionic lattice is formed that can contain billions of ions. |
| Melting and Boiling points of giant ionic compounds | Almost all ionic compounds are solid at room temperature as there isn't enough energy to break the strong electrostatic forces of attraction between the oppositely charged ions. So basically, high temperatures are needed to break the strong electrostatic forces = high melting/boiling point. |
| Giant Ionic Lattice - Solubility with smaller charges | Most ionic compounds dissolve in polar solvents such as water. This is due to the polar water molecules which break down the lattice and surround each ion in the solution |
| Giant Ionic Lattice - Solubility with larger charges | If there is a compound made with stronger/larger charges, the ionic attraction may be too strong for water to break down the lattice structure. So if a giant ionic compound has large charges, it isn't very soluble |
| Giant Ionic Compounds - Electrical conductivity in a solid state | - The ions are in a fixed position in the giant ionic lattice - No free charge carriers so the circuit is incomplete and an electrical charge cannot flow |
| Giant Ionic Compounds - Electrical conductivity in a liquid/aqueous state | - The solid ionic lattice is broken down - The ions are now free as charge carriers, the circuit is complete and an electrical charge can flow. |
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