5255373
Description
Flashcards by Lewis D'Arcy, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Lewis D'Arcy
almost 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What does ROM stand for? | Read-Only Memory (Used to boot up and store instructions) |
| What does RAM stand for? | Random-Access Memory (Temporary memory like a webpage, or an unsaved word document) |
| What is a database? | A database is a organised store of data on a computer system and is organised so that a computer can easily select or edit data items |
| What is an algorithm? | An algorithm is a set of steps designed to solve a mathematical or other problem |
| What is an overflow error? | When a calculation gives a result bigger than your computer can handle, eg. if your computer is four bit and you get an answer that is more than that |
| What is the difference between an IP address and a MAC address? | An IP address is a location on a network where other computers can 'Talk' to that computer. (Like a phone number) A MAC address is like a serial number for network devices like an Ethernet cable |
| What is a bit? | Binary digit 1 or 0 |
| What is a byte? | A byte is 8 bits |
| What is a kilobyte? | 1024 bytes |
| What is a megabyte? | 1024 kilobytes |
| What is a gigabyte? | 1024 megabytes |
| What does the CPU do? | Controls the flow of data within the system and fetches and processes them, then sends back the results |
| What is binary? | Binary describes a numbering scheme that can only have two possible values, 0 or 1 (Off or On) |
| What is a Logic Gate? | A circuit that produces an output based on the inputs (Using binary) |
| What is a 'NOT' logic gate? | A logic gate that outputs the opposite value to the input |
| What is a 'AND' logic gate? | A logic gate that only outputs 1 if both inputs are 1 |
| What is a 'OR' logic gate? | A logic gate that only outputs 1 if either, or both of the two inputs are 1 |
| What is a nibble? | 4 bits or half a byte |
| What does 'HTML' stand for? | Hypertext markup language |
| Why is a secondary storage device needed? | To store files like the operating system even when the system is turned off (Non-Volatile) |
| Describe some characteristics of a magnetic storage device | - Cheap meaning usually larger capacity - Usually used as a computers main storage device - Sensitive due to MOVING PARTS |
| Describe some characteristics of a solid state storage device | - Expensive meaning usually smaller capacity - Usually used when transferring files or when portability is important e.g. memory stick - No moving parts |
| Name the main benefits of a LAN | - Easy file sharing - Easy resource sharing, eg: A printer can be used by all computers on a LAN - Files can be accessed from anywhere (within the network) - You can easily put software on all workstations if needs be |
| How can you secure workstations in a LAN? | - Passwords to protect individual user accounts - Restricting access out of work hours - Only giving certain users full access to the network - Using Firewalls to stop hacking |
| How does sampling work to store sound? | 1) The height of the sound wave is measured *At regular intervals* 2) And then converted into binary |
| How does the sample rate effect size and audio quality? | The higher the sample rate the better the quality, but the size will be larger |
| How does ASCII work? | Each character is assigned a character code, this code is a binary number |
| Why can't you use ASCII for all the languages in the world? | Because ASCII only uses 8 bits, meaning it can only ever have 255/256 characters, which will not be able to cope with all the worlds languages. |
| WOTS A LOGIC ERROR THEN? | An error that does stop a program running but gives the expected output. EG 2+2=9 is a logic error, because it gives an answer, but not the expected one. |
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