5445512
Description
Flashcards by Aaron Samide, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Aaron Samide
almost 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Sarcoidosis is a systemic disease characterized by __________________. | non-caseating granulomas |
| Prognosis of sarcoidosis | 2/3 experience resolution/improvement over several years 20% develop chronic disease 10-20% are asymptomatic but have CXR findings |
| Skin findings associated with sarcoidosis | Erythema nodosum Plaques, subcutaneous nodules, maculopapular eruptions |
| Eye findings associated with sarcoidosis (3) | - Anterior uveitis - Posterior uveitis - Conjunctivitis |
| Heart findings associated with sarcoidosis (3) | - Arrhythmias - Conductions disturbances (e.g., blocks) - Sudden death |
| MSK findings associated with sarcoidosis | Arthralgias & arthritis Bone lesions |
| Nervous system findings associated with sarcoidosis | - CN VII involvement (Bell's palsy) - Optic nerve dysfunction - Papilledema - Peripheral neuropathy |
| While an uncommon finding in sarcoidosis, what is the most common cause of death in sarcoidosis patients? | Cardiac disease |
| Hallmark CXR finding of sarcoidosis | Bilateral hilar LAD |
| Enzyme elevated in serum in 50-80% of sarcoidosis patients | ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) |
| Definitive diagnosis of sarcoidosis requires... | Transbronchial biopsy (showing noncaseating granulomas) |
| Staging of sarcoidosis based on CXR | I: Bilateral hilar LAD w/out parenchymal infiltrates II: w/ parenchymal infiltrates III: Diffuse parenchymal infiltrates without hilar lymphadenopathy IV: Pulmonary fibrosis w/ honeycombing and fibrocystic changes |
| Stage of sarcoidosis with least favorable prognosis | Stage III: Diffuse parenchymal infiltrates without hilar adenopathy |
| Treatment of sarcoidosis | Systemic corticosteroids If refractory, MTX |
| What is histiocytosis X? | Chronic interstitial pneumonia caused by abnormal proliferation of histiocytes |
| ___% of histiocytosis X patients are cigarette smokers. | 90% |
| Common findings in histiocytosis X (5) | - Dyspnea - Nonproductive cough - Spontaneous PTX - Lytic bone lesions - Diabetes insipidus |
| CXR and CT appearance of histiocytosis X | CXR: honeycomb CT: cystic lesions |
| Prognosis & treatment of histiocytosis X | Prognosis & course highly variable Steroids may be effective; lung transplant may be necessary |
| Wegener granulomatosis is characterized by what pathologic finding? | Necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis |
| Wegener's most often affects vessels of what organs? | Lungs Upper airway Kidneys |
| Gold standard for diagnosis of Wegener's | Tissue biopsy |
| Classic lab finding indicative of Wegener's | c-ANCA (+) |
| Treatment of Wegener's | Immunosuppressives and glucocorticoids |
| Churg-Strauss is a granulomatous vasculitis seen in patients with _________. | asthma |
| Typical presentation of Churg-Strauss (3) | Pulmonary infiltrates Rash Significant blood eosinophilia |
| Churg-Strauss is associated with labs positive for _______, which is also found in what other condition? | p-ANCA Goodpasture |
| Treatment of Churg-Strauss | Glucocorticoids |
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