Bronchiectasis & CF

Description

USMLE Step 2 Pulmonology (2a Obstructive Lung Disease) Flashcards on Bronchiectasis & CF, created by Aaron Samide on 23/05/2016.
Aaron Samide
Flashcards by Aaron Samide, updated more than 1 year ago
Aaron Samide
Created by Aaron Samide almost 8 years ago
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Resource summary

Question Answer
What is bronchiectasis in general? Permanent, abnormal dilation and destruction of bronchial walls With chronic inflammation, airway collapse, and ciliary loss/dysfunction --> impaired clearance of secretions
Most common cause of bronchiectasis CF (50%)
Other causes of bronchiectasis - Recurrent infections - Primary ciliary dyskinesia (Kartagener's) - Autoimmune diseases - Humoral immunodeficiency - Airway obstruction
Clinical features of bronchiectasis (4) - Chronic cough with foul-smelling, mucopurulent sputum - Dyspnea - Hemoptysis - Recurrent or persistent pneumonia
Diagnostic study of choice for bronchiectasis High-res CT
Main goal in treating bronchiectasis Preventing complications of pneumonia and hemoptysis
Treatment for bronchiectasis (2) - Antibiotics for acute exacerbations - Bronchial hygiene: hydration, chest physiotherapy (postural drainage, chest percussion), inhaled bronchodilators
Mode of inheritance of CF AR
Genetic defect in CF Defective chloride channel protein Impaired chloride and water transport, leading to think, viscous secretions
Organs/systems affected by abnormal chloride channels in CF (5) - Respiratory tract - Exocrine pancreas - Sweat glands - Intestines - GU tract
rhDNase recombinant human deoxyribonuclease Inhaled medication that breaks down DNA in respiratory mucus that is clogging the airways
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