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Description
Flashcards by Kristine Joy Cor, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Kristine Joy Cor
almost 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) | A scientific approach for discovering environmental variables that reliably influence socially significant behavior and for developing a technology of behavior changes that is practical and applicable. |
| 3 Levels of Scientific Understanding | Description- Systematic observations that can be quantified and classified. Prediction (Correlation/ Co-variation)- Two events may regularly occur at the same time. Control (causation)- Functional relationship. (HIGHEST LEVEL OF SCIENTIFIC UNDERSTANDING) |
| HIGHEST LEVEL OF SCIENTIFIC UNDERSTANDING | Control |
| 6 Attitudes of Science/ Philosophical Assumptions of Behavior | Determinism Empiricism Experimentation Replication Parsimony Philosophical Doubt |
| Determinism | *Cause and Effect *Lawfulness (if/then) *The world is orderly & predictable |
| Empiricism | *FACTS *Experimental data based scientific approach, drawing upon observation and experience. *Requires object quantification & detailed description of events. |
| Experimentation | *Manipulation of variables to see effects on Dependent Variables. *Basic strategy of most sciences. *An assessment to determine if one event caused the another event. *Requires that all variables be controlled except the DV. |
| Replication- | *Repeating experiments *The method that scientist use to determine the reliability and usefulness of their findings. *How scientist discover their mistakes, thus making science a self-correcting enterprise. |
| Parsimony | *The simplest theory *All simple and logical explanations must be ruled out before considering more complex explanations. *help scientist fit findings within the field's existing knowledge base. |
| Philosophical Doubt | Having healthy skepticism & a critical eye about the results of studies and your work with clients. |
| 7 Dimensions of ABA (Baer, Wolf, & Risley) | Behavioral Applied Technological Conceptually Systematic Analytical Generality (Generalization) Effective |
| Behavioral | *Observable events *The behavior one chooses must be the behavior in need of improvement |
| Applied | *ABA socially improves everyday life of clients *Improves SOCIALLY SIGNIFICANT BEHAVIORS *Also helps significant others |
| Technological | *Defines procedures clearly & in detail so they are REPLICABLE |
| Conceptually Systematic | *All procedures used should be tired to the basic principles of behavior analysis from which they were derived. |
| Analytical (Functional Relation, Experimentation, Control, Causation) | *A FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIP IS DEMONSTRATED *Describes when the experimenter has demonstrated a functional relation between the manipulated events & a reliable change in some measurement dimension of the target behavior. |
| Generality (Generalization) | *Extends behavior change across time, setting, or other behaviors |
| Effective | Improves behavior in a practical manner, not simply making a change that is statistically significant. |
| Mentalism Terminology | Hypothetical Construct Explanatory Fiction Circular Reasoning |
| Mentalism | *An approach to explaining behavior that assumes an inner dimension exits & causes behavior. *Traditional psychology has been &continues to be dominated by mentalism. Ex: Freud, Talk therapy, LMFT, LCSW etc |
| Hypothetical Constructs (Imaginary Constructs) | *Presumed but un-observable, entities. |
| Explanatory Fictions | *Fictitious variables that are another name for the observed behavior. They contribute nothing to an understanding of the variables responsible for maintaining behavior. *Words such as: knows, wants, figures out, etc |
| Circular Reasoning | *The cause and effect are both inferred from the same information. |
| Behaviorism | *The philosophy of science of behavior *Environmental explanation of behavior |
| 4 Branches of Behavior Analysis | *Conceptual Analysis of Bx * ABA *Behavior service delivery *Experimental Analysis of Behavior (EAB) |
| Conceptual Analysis of Bx | Examines philosophical, theoretical, historical and methodological issues. |
| ABA | Technology for improving behavior |
| Behavior service delivery | Professional practice, consultation etc |
| Experimental Analysis of Behavior (EAB) | *Research on basic process & Principles *Laboratories |
| Pavlov | Classical Conditioning i.e respondent conditioning with dogs |
| Watson | Methodological Behaviorism (SRS, SR Psychology, Watsonian Behaviorism) |
| Skinner | Radical Behaviorism- included private events into understanding behavior |
| Types of Behavior | 1. Respondent 2. Operant |
| Respondent Behavior | *Elicited by stimuli that immediately precede them (i.e. Antecedent stimuli) * Involuntary *Reflex (US = UR) |
| Habituation | When the eliciting stimulus is presented repeatedly over a short period of time, the strength of the respondent behavior diminishes. |
| Respondent Conditioning | AKA Classical conditioning, Pavlovian conditioning, S-S paring, CS-CR |
| Operant Conditioning | *The occassion for a response (Sd), the response, the outcome of the response. *The dependency of a particular consequence on the occurrence of the behavior. *When a reinforcer or punisher is said to be "contingent" on a behavior, the behavior must be emitted for the consequence to occur. |
| Dead man test | "If a dead man can do it, it is not a behavior" |
| Principles of Behavior | Punishment Extinction Reinforcement |
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