6464635
Description
Flashcards by Madeline Luedke, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Madeline Luedke
about 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Pharmacodynamic | The study of physiological/biochemical interactions of drug molecules with the target tissue |
| Receptor | • large protein molecules on surface (or within) cells • accept binding from a particular neurotransmitter, hormone or drug (ligands) • when activated relay info to inside of cell and alter processes • different subtypes |
| affinity | molecules with best "fit into receptor-> higher |
| agonist | ligand that fits and triggers activity |
| antagonist | ligand that fits, but triggers low/no activity |
| Dose Response Curve | graph of biological bx effect for given dose of drug • S-shape |
| Threshold | dose with smallest measurable effect |
| ED50 | dose giving 50% of maximum effect |
| Potency | absolute amount of drug needed to produce an effect |
| Therapeutic Index | the ratio between the toxic dose and effective dose (TD50/ED50) • bigger is better |
| competitive antagonist | competes for limited receptors & displaces agonist from receptors "takes more to do the job" • shifts curve to the right • Nalrtrexone binds to same receptor as morphine and competes for spot to treat Analgesia |
| Non-competitive antagonist | impairs action in other ways though not directly at the receptor site • changes shape of curve • ketamine |
| Tolerance | drug effects diminsh after repeared use |
| Behavioral Tolerance | tolerance develops in the same environment but not new environment |
| State Dependent Learning | Tasks learned in drugged state may be performed better under drugged state |
| Sensitization | repeated use can cause increased response to a drug |
| Types of Tolerance | 1. Metabolic 2. Pharmacodynamic Tolerance 3. Behavioral Tolerance |
| Metabolic Tolerance | • over repeated use, drug induces liver to produce appropriate microsomal enzyme • drug is metabolized faster, less makes it to target tissue • all drugs metabolized by that enzyme will be effected (cross tolerance) |
| Pharmacodynamic Tolerance | • changes in nerve cell functioning compensate for drug • "desensitization" • chronic stimulation leads to down regulation of receptors | chronic blockage leads to up regulation of receptors |
| Behavioral Tolerance | • brain begins to counter drug when entering environment |
| Sensitization | repeated use can cause increased response to drug • needs less and less to crave it intensely |
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