Flashcards
Solar heating of the Earth unit 1.1 flashcards
Cards in this deck (20)
- 1What is the sun powered by?The Sun is powered by nuclear fusion.
- 2How does hydrogen nuclei produce helium nuclei and large amounts of energy?They combine together at extreme temperatures and pressures.
- 3What is the total amount of energy released by the sun?63 million watts per square metre of it's surface.
- 4WThe total energy used by all human activities on Earth is about 15 thousand billion watts which is about one ten-trillionth of the Sun's energy output.
- 5From the solar energy reaching the Earth's surface, about how much of it makes it down to the Earth's surface?Only about 40% makes it down to the Earth's surface.
- 6What is the solar energy that enters the Earth's atmosphere called?Electromagnetic radiation.
- 7What is an electromagnetic spectrum?An electromagnetic spectrum is a range of different forms of light and other energy carrying waves.
- 8What is the ozone layer?The ozone layer is a thin layer high in the atmosphere that absorbs ultraviolet radiation.
- 9What would happen if the ozone layer did not absorb ultraviolet radiation?Without the ozone layer the ultraviolet light would reach the Earth's surface, increasing sunburn and rates of skin cancer.
- 10What are some examples of high energy forms of electromagnetic radiation?Gamma rays and X-rays.
- 11What can these forms of electromagnetic radiation do?These forms of electromagnetic radiation could damage cells in living organisms.
- 12What is chlorofluorocarbon?Chlorofluorocarbon is a chemical used in refrigeration, greenhouse gas, damaged ozone layer.
- 13What are greenhouse gases?Greenhouse gases are gases in the atmosphere that absorb electromagnetic radiation.
- 14What are some examples of greenhouse gases?Some examples of greenhouse gases include:
-Water vapour
-Methane
-Carbon dioxide - 15What do infrared waves do?Infrared waves carry heat energy.
- 16How does Earth remain balanced?A balance occurs when as much energy radiates out into space as the Earth receives from the Sun.
- 17What is contrail?Contrail is the long thin clouds created by the exhaust gases of high-flying jet aircraft.
- 18What would happen if less energy was lost than gained?The Earth would slowly heat up.
- 19What is an enhanced greenhouse effect?An enhanced greenhouse effect is an effect of increase in the greenhouse gas concentration.
- 20What is a greenhouse effect?Greenhouse effect is absorption of electromagnetic radiation by gases in the atmosphere warming Earth.
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