A&P Lab Final

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Flashcards on A&P Lab Final, created by anna.d.mcgrew on 04/28/2014.
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Question Answer
The ___ glands in the axilla become active at the time of puberty apocrine sweat
The ___ glands in the axilla become active at the time of puberty apocrine sweat
The layer of the skin that contains the blood vessels and nerves that are closest to the surface of the skin is the ____ layer papillary
The layer of the skin that contains the blood vessels and nerves that are closest to the surface of the skin is the ____ layer papillary
All of the following are true of the subcutaneous layer, EXCEPT it -is attached to the dermis by a basement membrane -is well supplied with nerves that pass into the skin -contains large amounts of adipose tissue -contains many blood vessels -permits independent movement of deeper structures is attached to the dermis by a basement membrane
All of the following are true of the subcutaneous layer, EXCEPT it -is attached to the dermis by a basement membrane -is well supplied with nerves that pass into the skin -contains large amounts of adipose tissue -contains many blood vessels -permits independent movement of deeper structures is attached to the dermis by a basement membrane
the type of cells that form the strata in the epidermis are keratinocytes
the type of cells that form the strata in the epidermis are keratinocytes
the layer of diving cells at the base of the epidermis is the stratum germinativum
the layer of diving cells at the base of the epidermis is the stratum germinativum
Each of the following is a function of the integumentary system, except -protection of underlying tissue -maintenance of body temperature -provision of sensation -excretion of salts and wastes -synthesis of vitamin C synthesis of vitamin C
Each of the following is a function of the integumentary system, except -protection of underlying tissue -maintenance of body temperature -provision of sensation -excretion of salts and wastes -synthesis of vitamin C synthesis of vitamin C
The layer of the skin that contains bundles of collagen and elastic fibers responsible for the strength of the skin is the ___ layer reticular
The layer of the skin that contains bundles of collagen and elastic fibers responsible for the strength of the skin is the ___ layer reticular
When the arrector pili muscles contract "goose bumps" are formed
When the arrector pili muscles contract "goose bumps" are formed
Accessory structure of the skin include all of the following, except epidermis
Accessory structure of the skin include all of the following, except epidermis
The two components of the integumentary system are the cutaneous membrane and accessory structures
The two components of the integumentary system are the cutaneous membrane and accessory structures
Meissner's corpuscle
10
Pacinian corpuscle
hair papilla
dermis
sebaceous gland
1
3
3
areolar connective tissue
perforating canal
The central canal of an osteon contains blood vessels
The articular cartilage of a typical long bone is composed of what type of cartilage hyaline cartilage
Cartilage is separated from surrounding tissues by a fibrous perichondrium
Chondrocytes are to cartilage as osteocytes are to bone
The trabeculae of spongy bone are organized along stress lines
The type of cartilage that is found in the external ear is elastic
lacunae
In compact bone, the osteons -are lacking in the diaphysis -are separated by medullary spaces -are lined up perpendicular to long axis -are lined up in the same direction -are arranged in an irregular pattern are lined up in the same direction
Which of the following is a characteristic of bone? -the matrix of the bone contains chondroctin sulate -the matrix of the bone is very dense and contains deposits of calcium salts -the matrix of the bone is very light and contains deposits of hyaluronic acid -the matrix of the bone is very dense and contains deposits of calcium salts
lacunae
Which of the following labels best matches osteocyte -stem cell -secretes organic matrix -mature bone cell -dissolves matrix -mature bone cell
The most common type of cartilage is ____ cartilage hyaline
The narrow passageways that contain cytoplasmic extensions of osteocytes are called canaliculi
fibrocartilage
osteon
concentric lamellae
5
The space occupied by an osteocyte is called a lacuna
The rib cage is part of the axial or appendicular skeleton? axial skeleton
The region of a long bone between the end and the shaft is known as the metaphysis
Which of the following is not a bone of the axial skeleton? -sternum -rib -skull -vertebrae -clavicle clavicle
Which of the following is a function of the skeletal system? -blood cell production -calcium homeostasis -body support -protection of internal organs -all of the choices are correct -all of the choices are correct
The lining of the medullary cavity is called the endosteum
Which of the following is not part of the appendicular skeleton? -radius -hyoid -humerus -ulna -carpal hyoid
A deep hollow on a bone is called a fossa
The pectoral girdle is part of the axial or appendicular skeleton? appendicular skeleton
A shallow depression in a bone is called a fossa
The medullary cavity of bones contains marrow
Fat is stored within the medullary cavity
The smooth, rounded articular process of a bone is called a condyle
A sharp slender process is a spine
The shaft of a long bone is called the diaphysis
A hole through a bone is called a foramen
Which of these is not considered one of the bones of the face? -maxilla -mandible -zygomatic -vomer -frontal frontal
Which of these is a forearm bone? -tibia -fibula -humerus -femur -radius radius
coracoid process
The suture that forms the articulation of the parietal bones with the frontal bone is the ___ suture coronal
spinous process
Which of the following is not part of the axial skeleton? -pectoral girdle -skull -auditory ossicles -hyoid bone -vertebral column pectoral girdle
The largest component coxal bone is the ilium
The tarsus contains _(#)_ bones 7
The longest and heaviest bone in the body is the femur
The paranasal sinuses are located in all of the following bones except the -maxillae -frontal -ethmoid -zygomatic -sphenoid zygomatic
The ribs articulate with the -thoracic vertebrae -cervical vertebrae -lumbar vertebrae -spinous process -all of the choices are correct thoracic vertebrae
calcaneus
The odontoid process is found on the axis
2
7
The hypophyseal fossa of the sella turcica contains the ___ gland pituitary
spine
greater tronchanter
the bones that form the fingers are the phalanges
humans normally have ___ pairs of ribs 12
tibia
Which foot movement enables the ballerina to stand on her toes plantar flexion
The movements known as dorsiflexion and plantar flexion involve moving the foot
The ligament that provides support to the front of the knee joint is the patellar
The back of the knee joint is reinforced by ___ ligaments popliteal
anterior
In the knee joint the medial and lateral menisci -are carilages that bind the knee to the tibia -both A and D -act as cushions and conform to the shape of the articulating surfaces -take the place of bursae -are found between the patella and femur act as cushions and conform to the shape of the articulating surfaces
A twisting motion of the foot that turns the sole outward is eversion
An extension past the anatomical position is called hyperextension
The medial surface of the knee joint is reinforced by the ___ ligament tibial collateral
improve the fit between articulating bones
4
a movement away from the midline is abduction
Which of the following is a good example of supination -spreading fingers -turning palm up -moving hand toward shoulder -extreme bending head backward -opening mouth turning palm upward
Which of the following is a good example of depression? -spreading fingers -moving hand toward shoulder -extreme bending head backward -turning palm up -opening the mouth -opening the mouth
calcium ions
Which of the following is not characteristic of smooth muscle -thin filaments are attached to dense bodies -do not contain sarcomeres -forms tendons and aponeuroses -uninucleate -neurons that innervate are under involuntary control forms tendons and aponeuroses
interactions between actin and myosin of sarcomere are responsible for muscle contraction
Compared to "typical" body cells, skeletal muscle cells are -filled with crystaline 3D arrays of fibrous proteins -multinucleate -larger than normal -capable of rapid shortening against load -all correct all correct
The types of muscle tissue include all of the following except -cardiac -skeletal -smooth -striated -none -striated
The plasma membrane of skeletal muscle is called the sarcolemma
cardiac
The dense layer of connective tissue that surrounds an entire skeletal muscle is the epimysium
Which of the following best describes the term Z line? -repeating unit of striated myofibrils -largely made of myosin -storage site for calcium -protein that accounts for elacsticity of resting muscle -thin filaments are anchored here -thin filaments are anchored here
Which of the following is a recognized function of skeletal muscle -maintain body temp -maintain posture -produce movement -guard body entrances and exits -all of the above all of the above
The area in the center of the A band that contains no thin filaments is the H band
At the end of the muscle, the collagen fibers of the epimysium, and each perimysium and endomysium, come together to form a tendon
a single motor neuron together with all the muscle fibers it innervates is called a motor unit
The region of the sarcomere containing the thick filaments is the A band
Muscle tissue, one of the four basic tissue groups, consists chiefly of cells that are highly specialized for contraction
The skeletal muscle complex known as the triad consists of a transverse tubule and two terminal cisternae
smooth muscle fiber
The thin filaments of striated muscle are made of which protein(s)? -troponin -nebulin -tropomyosin -actin -all of the above all of the above
Each skeletal muscle fiber is controlled by a motor neuron at a single neuromuscular junction
1
The "kissing muscle" that purses the lips is the orbicularis oris
What is the main muscle of respiration diaphragm
Which of the following muscles compresses the abdomen -external oblique -rectus abdominis -diaphragm -all of the above all of the above
The ____ convers the anterior surface of the neck platysma
Which of the following muscles does not elevate the mandible? -temporalis -masseter -medial pteregoid -platisma platisma
rectus abdominis
A muscle that inserts on the body of the mandible is probably involved in chewing
mentalis
buccinator
Which muscle compresses the prostate gland in males? external urethral sphincter
zygomaticus major
The ___ muscle is the strongest jaw muscle pterygoid
orbicularis oris
Which muscle is not involved in mastication? -mentalis -temporalis -maseter -lateral pteregoid -medial pteregoid mentalis
A muscle that flexes the spinal column is the -spinalis -rectus abdominis -sacrospinalis -iliocostalis -longissimus rectus abdominis
Which of the following si not primarily a muscle of facial expression? -orbicularis oris -mentalis -risorius -buccinator -masseter masseter
frontalis
Which of the following muscles is found within the pelvic floor? -ischiocavernosus -erineal group -coccygeus -bulbospongiosus -all of the above all of the above
scalenes
The muscle that extends the arm while doing push-ups is the triceps
rectus femoris
latissimus dorsi
Which of the following does not move the shoulder girdle? -pectoralis major -deltoid -rhomboid -serratus anterior -trapezius -deltoid
gastrocnemius
Which of the following is a member of the hamstring group? -semitendinosus -semimembranosus -biceps femoris -all of the above all of the above
The powerful abductor muscle of the upper arm is the deltoid
tibialis anterior
trapezius
Muscles that laterally rotate the thigh include all of the following except the -gluteus maximus -tensor fasciae latae -obturator externus -piriformis -obturator internus -tensor fascia latae
pectoralis major
biceps brachii
The muscle that pronates the forearm and opposes biceps brachii is the pronator quadratus
The muscle that adducts and rotates the scapula laterally is the rhomboid
brachioradialis
Which of the following describes the action of the serratus anterior? -medial rotation of humerus -adducts the arm -protracts the shoulder, abducts and medially roates the scapula -adducts and flexes the humerus -lateral rotation of the humerus protracts the shoulder, abducts and medially roates the scapula
Muscles that insert on the olecranon process of the ulna can act to extend the forearm
anterior superior iliac spine
sartorius
A muscle that adducts the humerus is the -deltoid -trapezius -bracialis -latissimus dorsi latissimus dorsi
soma
Functions of astrocytes include all of the following except -maintaining the blood-brain barrrier -conducting action potentials -forming a 3D framework for the CNS -responding to neural tissue damage -guiding neuron development conducting action potentials
Which of the following is not a recognized structural classification for neurons? -bipolar -anaxonic -pseudopolar -unipolar -multipolar pseudopolar
___ neurons are small and have no anatomical features that distinguish dendrites from axons anaxonic
___ neurons form the afferent division of the PNS sensory
synaptic terminals
axon
Which of the following is not a function of the neuroglia? -phagocytosis -secretion of CSF -support -maintenance of the blood-brain barrier -memory memory
clusters of RER and free ribosomes in neurons are called Nissl bodies
Branches that may occur along an axon are called collaterals
Neurons that have one axon and one dendrite, with the soma in between, are called bipolar
The axon is connected to the soma at the axon hillock
Damage to the ependymal cells would most likely affect the -repair of axons -formation of CSF -transport of neurotransmitters within axons -formation of myelin sheaths -formation of ganglia formation of CSF
3 and 4
The myelin sheath that covers many CNS axons is formed by oligodendrocytes
Axons terminate in a series of fine extensions known as telodendria
The cytoplasm that surrounds the nucleus of a neuron is called the perikaryon
Neurons that have several dendrites and a single axon are called multipolar
Glial cells that surround the neurons in ganglia are satellite cells
Which of the following are a type of glial cell found in the PNS? -oligodendrocytes -microglia -satellite cells -ependymal cells -astrocytes satellite cells
central canal
ventral roots
Enlargements of the spinal cord occur in those spinal segments that control the limbs
The ___ nerve, which arises in the cervical plexus, innervates the diaphragm phrenic
The outward projections from the central gray matter of the spinal cord are called horns
brachial
lateral horns
sciatic
ventral roots and dorsal roots
The white matter of the spinal cord contains bundles of axons with common origins, destinations, and functions
The dorsal root ganglia mainly contain cell bodies of sensory neurons
In which plexus does the ulnar nerve arise brachial
dorsal horns
The spinal cord consists of 5 regions and _(#)_ segments 31
The ___ is a strand of fibrous tissue that provides longitudinal support as a component of the coccygeal ligament filum terminale
The outermost connective-tissue covering of nerves is the epineurium
Spinal nerves are -purely sensory -purely motor -interneuronal -involuntary -both sensory and motor both sensory and motor
muscles of the posterior arm and forearm
The specialized membranes that surround the spinal cord are called the spinal meninges
In the spinal cord, white matter is separated into ascending and descending tracts organized as columns
frontal lobe
The cranial nerves that innervate the eye muscles are III, IV, VI
Which of the following is a function of the hypothalamus -controls autonomic centers -secretes oxytocin -regulates body temperature -produces ADH -all of the above all of the above
Autonomic centers that control blood pressure, heart rate, and digestion are located in the medulla oblongata
central sulcus
The dural fold that projects into the longitudinal fissure between cerebral hemispheres is called the falx cerebri
eye movement
superior sagittal sinus
The cranial nerve that has three major branches is the trigeminal
diencephalon
The visual cortex is located in the occipital lobe
cerebellum
olfactory bulb
arachnoid granulation
cerebral aqueduct
A neural cortex is found on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum
superior colliculus
The two cerebral hemispheres are separated by the longitudinal fissure
The tentorium cerebelli separates which two brain regions? cerebellum and cerebrum
mammilary bodies
11
fovea
pinna or auricle
The ___ covers most of the exposed surface of the eye conjunctiva
semicircular canals
anterior cavity
The part of the eye that determines eye color is the iris
vibratory waves
All of the following are true of the fibrous tunic of the eye, except that it -consists of the sclera, limbus, and cornea -contributes substantial focusing power -produces aqueous humor -is where extrinsic eye muscles insert -provides mechanical support and some protection for the eye produces aqueous humor
The middle ear communicates with the nasopharynx through the auditory tube
The structure that overlies the organ of Corti is the tectorial membrane
diameter
stapes
6
The vitreous body helps to stabilize the eye and give physical support to the retina
superior oblique
What structure changes the shape of the lens for far and near vision? ciliary body
cornea
Which of the following is true of the vascular tunic of the eye? -secretes and reabsorbs the aqueous humor -regulates the amount of light entering eye -controls shape of lens -provides a route for blood vessels and lymphatics that supply tissues of the eye -all of the above all of the above
The senses of equilibrium and hearing are provided by receptors of the inner ear
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