8241152
Description
Flashcards by Elora Graham, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Elora Graham
about 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Constructive Waves | Low waves that surge up the beach, carrying beach material and depositing in, building up the beach. They are formed by storms far out at sea. |
| Destructive waves | High and deep waves, formed by local storms, remove beach material. |
| Hydraulic action | the force of waves compressing air into cracks |
| Corrasion (aka Abrasion) | large waves hurl beach material at the cliff |
| Corrosion (aka Solution) | Salts and acids dissolve the cliff |
| Attrition | Rocks bump into other rocks and break down into smaller pieces (caused by waves) |
| Traction | the movement of large rocks along the sea bed |
| Saltation | the 'hopping' of pebbles along the sea bed |
| Suspension | small pebbles carried in the water |
| Swash | the movement of waves up the beach |
| Backwash | the movement of waves down the beach |
| Depostion | the act of putting down material somewhere else |
| Erosion | a moving force causing the wearing away of material |
| Transportation | the moving of materials |
| Longshore drift | the movement of sand and rocks along the coast |
| Cliff | a steep rock face seen at the coast |
| Managed retreat | the intentional termination of preventative strategies (or end of maintenance), often due to economic reasons |
| Hard engineering | human made strategies that control coastal processes (groynes, gabion cages) |
| Soft engineering | methods that work with environment to prevent coastal processes (beach replenishment, planting vegetation) |
| Cost benefit analysis | working out if it makes financial sense to build to protect. The predicted benefit must be 5x as much as the cost to build. |
| Sea wall | a concave wall to deflect and reduce the power of waves and prevent coastal erosion. |
| Groynes | wooden structure protruding into the sea to build up the beach and reduce the effects of longshore drift. |
| Rock armour | large boulders at the base of the cliff to slow coastal erosion |
| Offshore breakwater | peninsulas of land to reduce wave power |
| Gabion cages | cages of rock to support cliffs and provide drainage and reduce effects of coastal erosion |
| Revetments | wooden structures at a 45 degree angle that reduce wave power and build up the beach |
| Beach replenishment | the addition of beach material to build up the beach |
| Weathering | the general erosion of the coast |
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