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Description
Flashcards by Jody Lelean-Smith, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Jody Lelean-Smith
almost 11 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| MEDITERRANEAN MIGRATION FLOWS *60% retirees move to Spain *761,000 Brits in Spain *74,636 Pensioners in Spain *Joined EEC 1986 *Schengen 1995 *Cheap Airlines IMPACTS SPAIN *Tensions - Ex Pat x *Voting - change politics x *Increase house prices x *Grey pound / *Resources gain value / IMPACTS UK *Loss of grey pound x *Lose workforce (early retirement) x *Balance population structure / *Reduces care costs / | EASTERN EUROPEAN MIGRATION *Hereford populaion 50,000, 8,100 migrants registered 2004-2006. *25% migrants Polish *62% UK migrants Polish *A8 countries *EU- free movement *80% Scotish Polish under 35 *Highlands salmon processing - 30% migrant workers. *Some seasonal agricultural workers (Peak in summer). PUSH *Unemployment 18.5% *Youth unemployment 40% PULL *Unemployment 5.1% Higher wages Balanced population Filled labour shortages |
| ARCTIC CC here = largest & most rapid. NATURAL SYSTEM IMPACTS VEG SHIFT-North-Coniferous forest on Tundra, destabilising food webs. -Longer, Warmer growing season. PERMAFROST THAW- 40%, esp. siberia. -Release methane -Lakes/Rivers drain -Rising rivers=increased flooding -Impact Freshwater fish INCREASED FIRES&INSECTS-Tree death - loss of habitat UV - Kills phytoplankton CARBON CYCLE CHANGES-More forests = more primary productivity. -More CO2 uptake. -Methane may counterbalance. OTHER- More coastal erosion as permafrost thaw weakens coast = more storm surges. | ANIMAL IMPACTS NORTHWARD SPECIES SHIFTS - species move with forest, some decline. MARINE - Dependent on sea ice. -Some decline -Different migration patterns. LAND- All species at risk. SOCIETY IMPACTS - Loss of hunting culture. -Reduced food security. -Herd animals change routes. -Increased access for marine shipping, disruption of land transport (thawing). -Enhanced agriculture/forestry. -More accessible - oil/gas. |
| AFRICA WATER ISSUES - Many rivers internationally shared (Nile) ->potential conflict. -Demand outstrips supply. FOOD INSECURITY - 70% subsistence farmers. -Increased locusts -> threaten food. NATURAL RESOURCES - Poor depend on plants, reduced biodiversity affects them. HEALTH - Vector&Water-borne diseases increase. -80% remedies rely on plants. | AFRICA DEVELOPMENT OF COASTAL ZONES - 60% live in coastal areas. -Rising sea levels = flooding vulnerable. DESERTIFICATION - Destroys grassland - loss of habitat. -Increased by Decreasing rainfall. POVERTY - 2/3 of LDCs in Africa. -Conflicts (Dafur in Sudan). Unjust trading system. 34% of 15-24 yr olds illiterate. Temp rise of 0.5 degrees C since 1900s. |
| CALIFORNIA *Loma Prieta EQ 1989. *El Nino -> Drought -> LA desert. *Landslides->Rockies *Fog/Smog->suburbanisation - increased vulnerability to wildfires. *Dry climate=drought-> When it rains, it pours. *Vulnerable population - 40 million - megacity. *MDC EMERGENCY SYSTEMS *Drills *Leaflets *Seismologists | PHILIPPINES *Typhoon belt - 10 per season. (Luzon) *Plate Boundary - subducted below eurasian. *Monsoon climate *Flooding ->Landslides->Deforestation *7000 islands *Lower middle income - developing fast. *Many poor & live on coast *240 people per km2, 2000 per km2 in Manila. *1990 Manila EQ - 6000 killed *1991 Tsunami - 6000 killed 1998 drought - 2.5 million affected NEW SYSTEMS *Philippine institute of Volcanology&Seismology *National disaster coordinating council. |
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