901031
| Question | Answer |
| Atomic Number | Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. |
| Mass Number. | Sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. |
| Isotopes. | Atoms with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons. |
| Empirical Formula. | Simplest whole number ratio of the atoms of each element in a compound. |
| Molecular Formula. | Actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule. |
| Atom Economy. | (Mass of desired product / Total mass of reactants) X 100. |
| Relative Atomic Mass. | The average mass of one mole of atoms on the scale where the mass of Carbon-12 is equal to 12. |
| Relative Molecular Mass. | The average mass of a molecule on a scale where the mass of Carbon-12 is equal to 12. Calculated by adding the relative atomic masses of its constituent atoms. |
| Mole. | Unit for amount of substance. |
| Avogadro Constant, Na. | The number of particles present in a mole (6.02 X 10^23. |
| Lattice. | A regular 3-dimensional array. |
| Ionic Bond. | Electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions in a lattice. |
| Covalent Bond. | A shared pair of electrons. |
| Dative Covalent Bond. | Covalent bond formed by the donation of a lone pair. |
| Metallic Bond. | A lattice of positive ions surrounded by delocalised electrons. |
| Electronegativity. | Ability of an atom to attract the electrons in a covalent bond. |
| Polar bond. | Electrons are shared unequally (due to difference in electronegativity of atoms at either end). |
| 1st Ionisation Energy. | Energy change when one mole of electrons is removed from one mole of gaseous atoms. |
| Homologous Series. | A series of organic compounds with; - the same general formula. -a trend in physical properties. -similar chemical properties. |
| Functional Group. | A group of atoms responsible for the characteristic reactions of a compound. |
| Structural Isomers. | Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures. |
| Hydrocarbon. | A compound that contains hydrogen and carbon only. |
| Saturated. | Contains only single C-C bonds. |
| Fractional Distillation. | Separates molecules due to differences in boiling point. |
| Fraction. | Mixture of compounds of a similar boiling point. |
| Cracking. | Breaking a long chain alkane into a shorter chain alkane and an alkene. |
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