AQA Chem 1 Definitions.

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Flashcards on AQA Chem 1 Definitions., created by HollyM on 19/05/2014.
HollyM
Flashcards by HollyM , updated more than 1 year ago
HollyM
Created by HollyM almost 10 years ago
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Question Answer
Atomic Number Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
Mass Number. Sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
Isotopes. Atoms with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.
Empirical Formula. Simplest whole number ratio of the atoms of each element in a compound.
Molecular Formula. Actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule.
Atom Economy. (Mass of desired product / Total mass of reactants) X 100.
Relative Atomic Mass. The average mass of one mole of atoms on the scale where the mass of Carbon-12 is equal to 12.
Relative Molecular Mass. The average mass of a molecule on a scale where the mass of Carbon-12 is equal to 12. Calculated by adding the relative atomic masses of its constituent atoms.
Mole. Unit for amount of substance.
Avogadro Constant, Na. The number of particles present in a mole (6.02 X 10^23.
Lattice. A regular 3-dimensional array.
Ionic Bond. Electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions in a lattice.
Covalent Bond. A shared pair of electrons.
Dative Covalent Bond. Covalent bond formed by the donation of a lone pair.
Metallic Bond. A lattice of positive ions surrounded by delocalised electrons.
Electronegativity. Ability of an atom to attract the electrons in a covalent bond.
Polar bond. Electrons are shared unequally (due to difference in electronegativity of atoms at either end).
1st Ionisation Energy. Energy change when one mole of electrons is removed from one mole of gaseous atoms.
Homologous Series. A series of organic compounds with; - the same general formula. -a trend in physical properties. -similar chemical properties.
Functional Group. A group of atoms responsible for the characteristic reactions of a compound.
Structural Isomers. Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures.
Hydrocarbon. A compound that contains hydrogen and carbon only.
Saturated. Contains only single C-C bonds.
Fractional Distillation. Separates molecules due to differences in boiling point.
Fraction. Mixture of compounds of a similar boiling point.
Cracking. Breaking a long chain alkane into a shorter chain alkane and an alkene.
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