(Bachman and Palmer, 1996),
understood as the ability of a
linguistic user to engage in
various types of interactions.
For these authors, it
is composed by four
elements:
the thematic knowledge,
the affective scheme, the
communicative
competence and the
strategic competition.
1. Thematic knowledge is
related to the knowledge of
the world and includes
elements as, experiences,
anecdotes, attitudes, beliefs.
2. Affective scheme Emotional or
affective bonding, positive or
negative of the student, the set
of personal attributes that
directly interfere in learning and
evaluation.
3. Communicative competence.
knowledge and skills required to
use language in a social context.
Canale and Swain (1980) defined
three components of basic
competences picking up the
Hymes model. Namely,
(grammatical competence,
sociolinguistic competence and
strategic competence).
Bachman (1990) and finally
Bachman and Palmer (1996)
propose two major components
organizational knowledge and
pragmatic knowledge.
A.: Organizational knowledge.the
way the discourse is organized
from its minimum units as a
sentence, going through the
sentence and ending in the
text;two types of knowledge:
grammatical and textual.
B. Pragmatic knowledge.Ability to
interpret and appropriately use
the meaning of linguistic varieties,
from any circumstance, in relation
to the functions and varieties of
the language.
4. Strategic competence.allows an
individual to make the most effective
use of the skills available when
carrying out a given task, whether
that task is related to the
communicative use of the language
as if it is with non-verbal tasks.
Questions
1:How to use the concept of communicative competence in a social context?
2:What personal attributes can the student infer directly in the learning and
evaluation?