22637830
Description
Mind Map by claudia roldán, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by claudia roldán
over 5 years ago
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EXTERNAL DYNAMICS
- LANDSCAPE
- Process of shaping the landscape:
- WEATHERING
- Is the process that breaks down of rocks and
minerals)in the earth’s crust into sediments.
- Is the process that breaks down of rocks and
minerals)in the earth’s crust into sediments.
- EROSION
- Moves small pieces of
weathered rocks to
another places, away from
the weathering zone.
- Moves small pieces of
weathered rocks to
another places, away from
the weathering zone.
- SEDIMENTATION
- Deposits moving
rock materials.
- Deposits moving
rock materials.
- WEATHERING
- Is part of the earth’s surface. It consists of a variety of
geographical features that are characteristic of an area
- Process of shaping the landscape:
- WEATHRING
- Weathering is the process that breaks down of maaterial (rocks
and minerals) in the earth’s crust into smaller pieces (sediments)
- Weathering is the process that breaks down of maaterial (rocks
and minerals) in the earth’s crust into smaller pieces (sediments)
- WEATHERING/EROSION AGENTS
- Water (rain, ocean movements),
rust, temperature, wind, acid
rain, action of living things.
- Water (rain, ocean movements),
rust, temperature, wind, acid
rain, action of living things.
- TYPES OF WEATHERING
- PHYSICAL WEATHERING - Physical forces:
Water, Wind and Temperature
- FREEZE-THAW WEATHERING : When the water
freezes, it expands. The ice acts like a wedge
- CHEMICAL WEATHERING - Chemical
Reactions: Acid rain, Rust.
- BIOLOGICAL WEATHERING:
Action of living things
- PHYSICAL WEATHERING - Physical forces:
Water, Wind and Temperature
- EROSION
- Erosion moves weathered pieces
of rocks to a different place.
- Deposition deposits moving rock materials.
- Erosion moves weathered pieces
of rocks to a different place.
- LANDFORMS
- DESERT: Sand column, Erg, Reg, Mushroom shaped rocks.
- MOUNTAIN GLACIERS: Step relief, Crique,
Glacial Tongue, U-Shaped valley, Arete.
- RIVERS AND RAINWATER: Rivers - Upper course, Middle
course, Meanders, Lower course. Rainwater - Alluvia cone
with guilles, Fairy chimneys, Alluvial fan,
- GROUNDWATER: Sinkhole (doline), Sctalactites and stalagmites.
- COASTAL/OCEAN: Beach, Spit, Sand bar, Cliff,
Abrasion platform, Arch.
- DESERT: Sand column, Erg, Reg, Mushroom shaped rocks.
- LAND DEGRADATION
- It refers to human practices and technologies
that extract or degrade the soil's resources
faster than they can be replenished, and lose
the ability to produce nutrients or food.
- It refers to human practices and technologies
that extract or degrade the soil's resources
faster than they can be replenished, and lose
the ability to produce nutrients or food.
- RELATIONS BETWEEN PLANTS AND SOIL:
- CAUSES OF LAND DEGRADATION
- A. SOIL EROSION: washing or
blowing away of the top layer of soil.
- - Natural Factros: Water, Wind, Gravity, Biological, Chemical.
- Human Activity Factors: Deforestation, Overgrazing,
Agricultural practises: (monocultures, chemical fertilizers,
overexploitation …), Industrialization, Urbanization.
- B. DESERTIFICATION: transformation of
fertile land into dry, desert-like areas.
- - Causes: Overgrazing, deforestation and
poorly managed agriculture.
- C.SALINITY: refers to a high level of salt in the soil, which kills plants
- - Deforestation: When we removes trees with deep roots systems salt underground water is
forced to rise. - Over-irrigated: When extra water enters the ground it also forces the water table
to rise. - Use of chemical fertilizers.
- - Deforestation: When we removes trees with deep roots systems salt underground water is
forced to rise. - Over-irrigated: When extra water enters the ground it also forces the water table
to rise. - Use of chemical fertilizers.
- C.SALINITY: refers to a high level of salt in the soil, which kills plants
- - Causes: Overgrazing, deforestation and
poorly managed agriculture.
- B. DESERTIFICATION: transformation of
fertile land into dry, desert-like areas.
- - Natural Factros: Water, Wind, Gravity, Biological, Chemical.
- Human Activity Factors: Deforestation, Overgrazing,
Agricultural practises: (monocultures, chemical fertilizers,
overexploitation …), Industrialization, Urbanization.
- A. SOIL EROSION: washing or
blowing away of the top layer of soil.
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