The principles are judgments with which it is possible to build the system of relationships in each
science. Logical principles are also considered statements of universal validity that make thought
itself possible.
Logic is a great field that seeks to study thought to establish valid reasons
Thought is considered a process that allows man to obtain a perception of reality.
There are four logical principles: Principle of identity, of contradiction, of excluded third party and
of sufficient reason.
The identity principle is an essential instrument to understand and elaborate the structural and social
transformations that occur over time and that characterize the various situations that are generated, as well
as for their adequate teaching.
Example: The circle is a circle and not
a square.
The contradiction principle plays an important role in thinking and knowledge. The reasoning in which
formal contradictions are found is inconsistent. The principle of contradiction constitutes a reflection of
the qualitatively determined character of objects in thought.
Example: It is not blue and red, it is red
and blue.
The principle of the excluded third maintains that everything has to be or not be, but it is not
possible, according to the bivalent vision, "to be and not to be" at the same time.
Example: That person is innocent or not
innocent.
The principle of sufficient reason is characterized by one of the essential characteristics of logical thinking:
demonstrability This principle responds to a natural demand of our reason: nothing can be nothing more
"because yes", because everything obeys a reason.
Example: objects fall to the ground for a reason, the law of gravity