AFFECTIVE INFLUENCES ON LANGUAGE LEARNING

AFFECTIVE INFLUENCES ON LANGUAGE LEARNING

1. If motivation exists, success in language learning is.guaranteed. (Corder 1981)

2. ATTITUDES AND MOTIVATION

   • it is not possible to learn without motivation
     • Motivation for Learning Theory
       • intrinsic and etrinsic
         • something is done to satisfy one's own interests
       • Extrinsic motivation
         • the person is moved by forces external to him/herself.
     • Need Achievement Theory
       • by McClelland et al. (1958).
       • The important thing is the individual's attitude with respect to achievement more than the achievement in itself
     • Attribution Theory
       • by Heider (1944)
       • how people perceive events, rather than the events themselves
         • His ideas were expanded by others
       • people may attribute events to four basic causes
         • their own ability and the difficulty of the task
         • which are stable or fixed
         • the effort required to succeed
         • and luck
         • If one has a high a Locus
           • a high internal locus
             • one merely needs to put in some effort.
             • they show strong tendencies to seek information and use it appropriately (Williams and Burden 7997: 1O1)
           • high éxternal locus of control.
             • one is likely to believe that tasks are too difficult
           • by Findley y Cooper (1983)

3. TYPES OF MOTIVATION

   • Motivation is the most important factor in a person's learning of a foreign language.
     • Nida (1956)
   • The child's motivation to express himself derives from the basic desire to communicate with valuable people.
     • Mowrer (1960)
   • the learners have to identify themselves with members of other linguistic and cultural groups in order to become part of that community.
     • Gardner and Lambert
   • Intrinsic vs Extrinsic motivation
     • Extrinsic motivation is derived from external sources
       • materials and method of teaching
     • intrinsic motivation comes from internal sources.
       • learner herself and reflects the urge to engage in a learning activity for its own sake.
         • 'cognitive drive'
   • integrative motivation
     • Gardner (1972)
     • reflects a sincere and personal interest in the people by the other group.
     • it based in the personality of the learner. Gardner

4. Global, situational and task motivation

   • Global motivation
     • the orientation of the learner towards the learning of a foreign language.
       • lt is affected by the learner's previous educational experiences and social factors and for the teacher's own attitudes conveyed either consciously or through persuasion.
   • Situational motivation
     • the learning context
       • the classroom, the total environment
   • task motivation
     • is related to the way a learner approaches a specific task in the class
       • Hebb (1959)
       • humans and animals seek a level of "optimal arousal"

5. THE COMPONENTS OF MOTIVATION

   • Gardner.
     • the chains of causation
       • socio-educational model of SLA
   • equation to represent the different components of motivation.
   • Effort
     • It arises from social pressures, the need to achieve success, the desire to please a teacher or parents, etc.
   • Attitude
     • the inclination of a person that already exists in the individual and is acquired through learning.
       • a learned predisposition to respond in a consistently
         • In Fishbein and Ajzen's words
   • Individual Differences
     • intelligence, language aptitude, motivation and situational anxiety.

6. motivation is the cause of successful learning

7. A motivated student is a student who will learn

8. Successful learning results in motivation to continue learning.

9. learners who do not do so well are discouraged by their lack of success.

10. teachers should ensure that students are aware of their own success

11. Chiapas,(2020). Individual Factors in the learner’s development. UIEXPRO.

    • Beatríz Adriana Pacheco Ramírez

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