31739241
Description
Mind Map by Saya Ciclaly, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Saya Ciclaly
over 4 years ago
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Segmental vs. Suprasegmental
- Segmental
- Phoneme
- A phoneme is a minimal unit of
articulation whose sound can be vowel
or consonant.
- Vowels
- 12 Vowel
phonemes
- They are classified into:
- Short
vowels
- Examples
- /I/: it, hit.
- /e/:end,
test.
- /I/: it, hit.
- Examples
- Long
vowels
- Examples
- /ā/: baby,
snail.
- /i:/: bee, me,
beach.
- /ā/: baby,
snail.
- Examples
- Short
vowels
- They are classified into:
- 12 Vowel
phonemes
- Consonants
- 24 Consonant
phonemes
- Examples
- g: give, flag, go.
- k: black, cat, back.
- h: how,
hellow
- l: leg, little,
lamp
- g: give, flag, go.
- Examples
- 24 Consonant
phonemes
- Vowels
- A phoneme is a minimal unit of
articulation whose sound can be vowel
or consonant.
- Phoneme
- Suprasegmental or
Prosodic
- It is the way in which
a
- set of
segments
- Syllables ,words or
phrases
- stu-dent.
- student.
- stu-dent.
- That includes characteristics such
as word stress and intonation.
- Word
stress
- The syllables of a word have a particular one
that sounds louder or more stressed.
- There are two very important rules about
word stress:
- One word cannot have two
stresses.
- The stress is always on a
vowel.
- Examples:
- Derived words but with a different
stress.
- PHO-TO-GRAPH
- PHO-TO-GRAPH-ER
- PHO-TO-GRAPH-IC
- PHO-TO-GRAPH
- Derived words but with a different
stress.
- One word cannot have two
stresses.
- There are two very important rules about
word stress:
- The syllables of a word have a particular one
that sounds louder or more stressed.
- Intonation
- The vibrational
frequency of the vocal
cords.
- They are modulated to achieve particular
effects on the speaker.
- Attitudinal
effct.
- Conveys differences of expressive
meaning.
- E.g : Surprise, anger,
caution.
- Declarative/imperative
- A falling intonation
contour.
- Positive
- Examples:
- Stop!
- Give her
coffee.
- Give her
coffee.
- Stop!
- Examples:
- Negative
- Examples:
- Do not
stop!
- Don't give her
coffee.
- Don't give her
coffee.
- Do not
stop!
- Examples:
- Positive
- A falling intonation
contour.
- Interrogative
- A rising intonation
contour.
- Examples:
- Did you take your vitamin this morning?
- Did you go to the game Friday night?
- Did you go to the game Friday night?
- Did you take your vitamin this morning?
- Examples:
- A rising intonation
contour.
- E.g : Surprise, anger,
caution.
- Conveys differences of expressive
meaning.
- Attitudinal
effct.
- They are modulated to achieve particular
effects on the speaker.
- Variation in pitch level of
voice.
- The vibrational
frequency of the vocal
cords.
- Word
stress
- Syllables ,words or
phrases
- set of
segments
- It is the way in which
a
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