SAMPLING-Rivera Dennisse

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SAMPLING-Rivera Dennisse
  1. PROBABLISTIC
    1. SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING:
      1. is a subset of a statistical population in which each member of the subset has an equal probability of being chosen.
        1. Ex: write some names in pieces of paper and put in a bowl and (without looking) choose 3
      2. SYSTEMATIC SAMPLING
        1. is a probability sampling method where researchers select members of the population with an interval.
          1. Ex:in a group of 12 people select a person every third
        2. STRATIFIED SAMPLING:
          1. involves the division of a population into smaller sub-groups known as strata.
            1. STRATIFIES RANDOM SAMPLING
              1. this method consist in divide the polpulation in strats like Age, socioeconomic divisions, nationality, religion, educational level and other , and take a sampling.
                1. Ex: suppose you are trying to take a sample of students to ask them whether or not they support a new parking lot at the school. Certainly Freshman students will have different support levels than Seniors, so you must Take the population of all high school students at your school and split them into groups (strata) by grade level. Take an SRS of 25 students from each grade level.
              2. STRATIFIES SYSTEMATIC SAMPLING
                1. this method is abot divide the polulation in subgroups too, but the saple is selected with an interval
                  1. EX: Let’s consider a situation where a research team is seeking opinions about religion amongst various age groups. citizens can be divided into strata according to age, groups of 18-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, and 60 and above. In every group you going to select a person every 4th person .
            2. Selecting the elements randomly
            3. NON-PROBABILISTIC
              1. CONVENIENCE SAMPLING
                1. involves collecting samples from the population that is closer to the researcher,but that sample is not taken under consideration the entire population.
                  1. A example of a convenience sampling method is when companies distribute their promotional pamphlets and ask questions at a mall or on a crowded street with randomly selected participants.
                2. QUOTA SAMPLING
                  1. is a sampling methodology wherein data is collected from a homogeneous group, can be used to filter information from the population, in a quota sampling there is a non-random sample selection taken, but it is done from one category , so the researchers run the risk of bias.
                    1. A company wants to find out who consumes the most perfume so it divides its customers into two groups: men and women and calculates the relative percentages of both.
                  2. JUDGEMENT SAMPLING
                    1. Is when one individual or a group of individuals choose who and who not to include in the sample. Although the individuals chosen for this assignment are considered experts, views and insight which might not reflect the real-world population.
                      1. EX: TV reporters stopping certain individuals on the street in order to ask their opinions about certain political changes. However, it is important to specify that the TV reporter has to apply certain judgment when deciding who to stop on the street to ask questions; otherwise it would be the case of random sampling technique.
                    2. Selecting the elements for convenience
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