International
Institutions from an
Insternational
Business Perspective
Institutions
New institutional theory
Undestanding of institutions as
social constructs, a collection of
norms that structure the relations of
individuals to one another
Types of institutions
Formal institutions
Operate through laws
and regulations
Informal institutions
Use norms, values,
customs and
ideologies
Normative
Cognitive
The United Nations
UN Organization
Five organs
General Assembly,
Security Council, Economic
and Social Council
(ECOSEC), International
Court of Justice (ICJ), and
the Secretariat
UN Millenium
Development Campaign
It was launched in
2000. Its goal is to end
povetry by 2015
192 member countries
dedicated to world peace
and stability
International Monetary Instituions
International Monetary Fund
Institution that fosters global
monetary cooperation,
financial stability, international
trade, high employement and
sustainable economic growth,
and reduction of povetry
Current IMF issues
IMF works to help
economies manage
risks inherent in
globalization
IMF and Exchange rates
1945. Set fixed
exchange rates
between member
nations
The World Bank
Institution that lends money
for development projects
Major institutions
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)
International Development Association (IDA)
Minor institutions
International Finance Corporation (IFC)
Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA)
International Center for the Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID)
World Trade Organization
An international
organization that
deals with rules of
trade between nations
WTO Principles
Trade without discrimination
Free trade, gradually,
through negotiation
Predictability, through
binding and transparency
Promotion of fair competition
Encouragement of development
and economic reform
Organisation for
Economic Cooperation
and Development
Group of developed countries
dedicated to promoting economic
expansion in its member nations
Economic Integration Agreements
Free Trade Area (FTA): Area in
which members have been
eliminated, but members keep
their external tariffs
Customs Union: collaboration that adds
common external tariffs to an FTA
Common Market: customs union that includes
mobility of services, people and capital
Complete Economic Integration integration
on economic and political levels
Examples
North American Free Trade
Agreement (NAFTA), Mercosur,
Association of Southeast Asian
Nations (ASEAN)
The European Union
EU Development
Established in 1993 by the EC
in the Maastricht Treaty
Impact on IB
Introduced common currency (Euro), eliminated shared
border taxes, the Eu is the world’s largest trading economy
27 european countries
committed to economic and
political integration