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1183829
Ch 1: Introduction
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Mind Map on Ch 1: Introduction, created by duttaoindril on 24/08/2014.
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Resource summary
Ch 1: Introduction
Matter
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Plasma
Bose Einstein Condensate
Types of Matter
Elements
Elements Make Compounds
Mixtures are combinations of Compounds and/or Elements
Mixtures can be separated by simple physical means
Law of Constant Composition
The relative Masses of elements are fixed in a given chemical substance.
H20: Ratio is always 1:8
Compounds need chemical reactions to make/break.
118 Elements of the Periodic Table
Ms. Gupta's Matter Chart
Is it uniform throughout?
No
Heterogenous Mixture
Lucky Charm's Cereal
Yes
Homogenous Mixture
Does it have variable composition?
No
Pure Substance
Can it be separated into smaller units?
Yes: One of 118 Elements
No: Compound
Yes
Homogenous Mixture (Solution)
Separation of Mixtures Techniques
Hand Seperation
Homogenous/Heterogenous Mixture
Physical Properties should be visually discernible.
Filtration
Sieve used to separate Precipitate (Solid) from Liquid
Heterogenous Mixtures
Separatory Funnel
Separate Immiscible Liquids
Shake & Sit to let layers separate by density, retrieve each layer separately.
Centifugation
Separates particles of Different Mass
The greater the mass, the farther away from the center the particle; forms a gradient.
Distillation
Separate Homogenous mixtures with different Boiling Points
Separate Salt from water, or use EVAPORATION, poor man's distillation
Temperature must be constant to gather each substance (liquid)
Chromatography
Use two "phases", a mobile phase (ex. water) and a stationary phase (ex. paper)
Separate Inks in Ink Mixture
Uses affinity of each ink to phase (solid/liquid) to separate inks
RF Factor
Fingerprint of Ink; acquired from distance(s) ink(s) traveled.
Properties of Matter
Physical Properties
Size
Color
Texture
Mass
Boiling Point
Density
Volume
Energy
Chemical Properties
Flammability
Corrosiveness
Reactivity with Acid
Intensive properties
Independent of amount of mass
Density, boiling point, color
Extensive Properties
Dependent on amount of mass
Mass, Volume, Energy
Law of Multiple Proportions
The masses of each element which combines with a fixed mass of another element are always in a ratio of whole #s.
Measurement: Metric System
Mass: Kilograms (kg)
Length: Meters (m)
Electric Current: Amperes (A)
Temperature: Kelvins (K; C+273)
Amount: Mol
Significant Digits
Dimensional Analysis
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