136806
Description
Mind Map by kika_kihodu, updated more than 1 year ago
|
Created by kika_kihodu
almost 11 years ago
|
|
Chemistry exam
- atoms and elements
- all substances are made of tiny particles called atoms. An
element is a substance that is made of only one sort of atom.
the horizontal rows in the periodic table are called periods and
vertical columns are called groups. the elements in a group have
similar properties to each other.
- all substances are made of tiny particles called atoms. An
element is a substance that is made of only one sort of atom.
the horizontal rows in the periodic table are called periods and
vertical columns are called groups. the elements in a group have
similar properties to each other.
- Inside the
earth
- Crust is the thin layer of solid rock
- Mantle is the liquid
layer of molten rock
- Core(outer) is the liquid nickel layer
than spin around the inner core.
- Core(inner) is solid iron
- Core(inner) is solid iron
- Core(outer) is the liquid nickel layer
than spin around the inner core.
- Mantle is the liquid
layer of molten rock
- Crust is the thin layer of solid rock
- Hydrocarbons
- Hydrocarbons can be very small or very long
chains of carbon and hydrogen atoms. the
longer they get, the more viscons they get and
the higher the melting/ boiling points are
- Hydrocarbons can be very small or very long
chains of carbon and hydrogen atoms. the
longer they get, the more viscons they get and
the higher the melting/ boiling points are
- Polymers
and Ethanol
- crude oil is broken down in oil refineries
into its component parts known as
fractions and these can be used for many
different purposes
- Fractions that are produced by the distillation of crude oil can go
through a process called cracking. this chemical reaction
produces smaller hydrocarbons, including alkanes and alkenes.
Ethene and other alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons and can
be used to make polymers. Ethene can be used to make
ethanol.
- Fractions that are produced by the distillation of crude oil can go
through a process called cracking. this chemical reaction
produces smaller hydrocarbons, including alkanes and alkenes.
Ethene and other alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons and can
be used to make polymers. Ethene can be used to make
ethanol.
- crude oil is broken down in oil refineries
into its component parts known as
fractions and these can be used for many
different purposes
- Fractional distillation
- Fractional distillation differs from distillation only in that it separates a mixture
into a number of different parts, called fractions. A tall column is fitted above
the mixture, several condensers coming off at different heights. The column is
hot at the bottom and cool at the top. substances with high boiling points
condense at the bottom and substance with low boiling points condense at the
top. like distillation, fractional distillation works because the different
substances in the mixture have different boiling points
- Fractional distillation differs from distillation only in that it separates a mixture
into a number of different parts, called fractions. A tall column is fitted above
the mixture, several condensers coming off at different heights. The column is
hot at the bottom and cool at the top. substances with high boiling points
condense at the bottom and substance with low boiling points condense at the
top. like distillation, fractional distillation works because the different
substances in the mixture have different boiling points
- Plant oils and emulsions
- Emulsions
- vegetable oils do not dissolve in water. If oils and water are shaken together, tiny
droplets of one liquid spread through the other liquid, forming a mixture called an
emulsion. Emulsions are thicker(more viscous) than oil and water they contain.
this makes them useful in food such as salad dressings and ice cream.
Emulsions are also used in cosmetics and paints. there are two main types of
emulsions first one is oil droplets in water (milk, ice cream, salad cream and
mayonnaise) and the second one is water droplets in oil(margarine, butter, skin
cream, and moisturising lotion
- vegetable oils do not dissolve in water. If oils and water are shaken together, tiny
droplets of one liquid spread through the other liquid, forming a mixture called an
emulsion. Emulsions are thicker(more viscous) than oil and water they contain.
this makes them useful in food such as salad dressings and ice cream.
Emulsions are also used in cosmetics and paints. there are two main types of
emulsions first one is oil droplets in water (milk, ice cream, salad cream and
mayonnaise) and the second one is water droplets in oil(margarine, butter, skin
cream, and moisturising lotion
- Emulsions
Want to create your own Mind Maps for free with GoConqr? Learn more.