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Imunnology intro 2
- Active and passive immunity
- Vaccine induces active immunity in the host
- Transfer of antibodies with a given specificity to an
individual confers passive immunity
- White blood cells ingest microorganisms and other
foreign material, these cells are more activated in
immunised animals, cells rather than serum are the major effector cell. This is known as Cell mediated immunity
- White blood cells ingest microorganisms and other
foreign material, these cells are more activated in
immunised animals, cells rather than serum are the major effector cell. This is known as Cell mediated immunity
- Transfer of antibodies with a given specificity to an
individual confers passive immunity
- Vaccine induces active immunity in the host
- Humoral vs Cell-mediated
- Both are correct and required, Lymphocyte shown to be responsible for both.
- T & B lymphocytes, T= Cell mediated and B= Humoral
- T & B lymphocytes, T= Cell mediated and B= Humoral
- Both are correct and required, Lymphocyte shown to be responsible for both.
- Survival and the immune system= two lines of defence
innate (mechanical and chemical barriers) and
adaptive
- Mechanical= skin and mucosal membranes. Chemical= stomach
acid/perspiration/lysozyme in tears-attacks cell wall of bacteria
- Animal/insect bites punture skin introducing diseases e. rabies/malaria. Burn victims need
anti-bacterial and anti-fungal treatment
- Animal/insect bites punture skin introducing diseases e. rabies/malaria. Burn victims need
anti-bacterial and anti-fungal treatment
- Mechanical= skin and mucosal membranes. Chemical= stomach
acid/perspiration/lysozyme in tears-attacks cell wall of bacteria
- Innate immunity= most components present before infection, mechanisms not specific to
pathogen- cellular & molecular components found on frequently encountered pathogens
- Adaptive immunity= highly specific, recognizes+ selectively eliminates specific
foreign microbes and molecules, responds to specif feature on a specif pathogen
- Antigen= any substance that can evoke an immune response, can be
bacteria,viruses or fungi that can cause infection and disease
- Can also be substances called allergens that evoke allergic reactions e.g pollen,dust, animal
dander, bee stings, certain foods & can be a molecule such as peptides, proteins and
carbohydrates
- Can also be substances called allergens that evoke allergic reactions e.g pollen,dust, animal
dander, bee stings, certain foods & can be a molecule such as peptides, proteins and
carbohydrates
- Immune system challenges, prevent entry/infection, recognise diversity of
potential pathogens, self from non-self recognition
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