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Concepts in Biology Final Exam

mlszala

Genes and inheritance

Description

Mind Map on Genes and inheritance, created by Tsz Lam Au Yeung on 09/11/2014.

Mind Map by Tsz Lam Au Yeung, updated more than 1 year ago

	Created by Tsz Lam Au Yeung over 10 years ago

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Resource summary

Genes and inheritance

Ancient genetics
1. Pagenesis
  1. Pangenes
2. Blending
  1. intermediate trait
Mendel
1. Advantages of using pea plants (typically self-fertilize)
  1. Controlled mating
  2. easy self-fertilization / cross-fertilization
  3. observable characteristics with 2 distinct forms
  4. True-breeding strains
    1. repeated self-fertilization
2. Characteristics
  1. Flower colour
  2. Flower position
  3. Seed colour
  4. Seed shape
  5. Pod colour
  6. Pod shape
  7. Stem length
3. Law of segregation
  1. Monohybrid cross
    1. one trait disappear in F1
    2. reappear in 1/4 of F2
    3. a cross to track inheritance of one character
  2. Four hypothesis
    1. 1. Genes are found in diff versions as alleles
    2. 2. Inheriting 2 alleles for each feature
    3. 3. dominant v.s. recessive
    4. 4. law of segregation
4. Law of independent assortment
  1. Dihybird cross
    1. non-parental combination appears
5. Test cross
  1. determine unknown phenotype
  2. mate with homozygous recessive
6. Probability
  1. Rule of multiplication
  2. Rule of addition
Non-Medelian
1. Incomplete dominance (four o-clock)
2. Multiple alleles - ABO
3. Codominance
  1. ABO: alleles determine presence of oligosaccharide
4. Epistasis
5. Polygenic inheritance
6. Linked gene
7. Sex linked gene

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