DARWIN'S THEORY OF EVOLUTION

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Mind Map on DARWIN'S THEORY OF EVOLUTION, created by tomking304 on 26/08/2013.
tomking304
Mind Map by tomking304, updated more than 1 year ago
tomking304
Created by tomking304 about 11 years ago
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Resource summary

DARWIN'S THEORY OF EVOLUTION
  1. 5 THEORIES
    1. NATURAL SELECTION
      1. favourable variations would be preserved & unfavourable ones destroyed
        1. variational theory of change
        2. populational change
          1. common descent
            1. gradualism
              1. characteristics of lineages of organisms change over time
              2. main 2 components
                1. pattern
                  1. divergent descent with modifications from common ancestors
                    1. explains diversity of life
                  2. process
                    1. natural selection - preferential survival & reproductive success
                  3. MICROEVOLUTION
                    1. mutation, recombination, natural selection & other processes operating with species
                      1. evolutionary patterns & processes evident within species as well as those leading to evolution of new species
                      2. MACROEVOLUTION
                        1. origin of new species & major long-term features of evolution
                          1. evolutionary patterns & process evident above level of species
                          2. GENETIC DRIFT
                            1. random changes in frequencies of different alleles in population
                              1. arise solely from chance sampling effects in their transmission from generation to generation, rather than from changes due to natural selection
                            2. EVIDENCE FOR EVOLUTION
                              1. hierarchical organisation of life
                                1. homology
                                  1. embryological similarities
                                    1. vestigial characters
                                      1. convergence
                                        1. sub-optimal design
                                          1. geographic distributions
                                            1. intermediate forms
                                            2. COMPETITION
                                              1. Pressure of competition favours use of different foods or habitats by different species
                                                1. interaction within or between species resulting in one group consuming resources that could have been exploited by the other group, with negative consequences for fitness
                                                2. PATTERNS OF EVOLUTION
                                                  1. common themes frequently inferred as associated with evolution of organisms, i.e. divergence, convergence, allometry, heterochrony, etc
                                                  2. STASIS
                                                    1. little or no evolutionary change within a lineage
                                                      1. major component of punctuated equilibrium model
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