Networking

Networking

Topology Types
1. Star
  1. All the clients are connected to a hub or switch
2. Ring
  1. A series of computers connected to each other only in a ring
3. Mesh
  1. All the clients are connected to each other directly
  2. Path-finding
4. Bus
  1. All clients are connected to a single wire
LAN
1. Local Area Network
  1. All the clients on the private side of a firewall
WAN
1. Wide Area Network
  1. A series of LANs connected e.g the internet
Protocols
1. Examples
  1. IMAP
    1. A newer version of POP3 that allows for the messages to be saved on the server
  2. HTTP
    1. Hyper text transfer protocol
  3. HTTPS
    1. A secure version of HTTP
  4. FTP
    1. A way of sending files over the internet
  5. DNS
    1. Domain Name System
  6. ARP
    1. Address resolution protocol
  7. SMB
    1. Windows file share
  8. SMTP
    1. A method for sending Email
  9. POP3
    1. Sends a message from the server to the client then removes the message (from the server)
2. A standardised way of communicating something between computers
TCP/IP
1. Application
  1. The layer that the user or programs interact with
2. Transport
  1. Handles data consistency (error checking)
3. Network
  1. Provides IPs
4. Data Link
  1. Prepares the data for sending
5. Physical
  1. The NICs
IPs
1. V4
  1. Uses 4 byte (32 bit) addresses
  2. Has a limited 4’294’967’296 number of addresses
  3. Ranges from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.255
2. V6
  1. 340000000000000000000000000000000000000 possible combinations
3. DNS
  1. A system for storing all the domain names
  2. When a domain is requested a DNS server is used to get the ip of the web server
    1. If the local DNS servers cannot find the IP the DNS servers will send requests to other nearby servers
      1. If they aren't found a error will be returned that the destination IP isn't reachable

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	Created by Sam Etchells over 4 years ago