Eco SYS

Annotations:

• A functional unit consisting of living  things in a given area, non-living  chemical and physical factors of their environment, linked together through nutrient cycle and energy  flow.

1. OCG Factors
   1. ONE-WAY ENERGY
   2. Nutrient Cycling
   3. Gravity
2. components
   1. Abiotic

      Annotations:

      • Water, Air, Nutrients, Solar energy, Rocks, Heat
   2. Biotic

      Annotations:

      • – Plants – Animals –Microbes –Dead organisms –Waste products of dead organisms
   3. LIFE COMP(HAt-BiG)

      Annotations:

      • Atmosphere  Hydrosphere Geosphere Bioshere
   4. lithosphere-layer of life
3. Thermodynamic Laws
   1. no loss E
   2. lost as HEAT
4. sustainability life
5. meaning : f(x) in unit control
6. Cycle
   1. Hydrologic-TEP
      1. transpiration
      2. evaporation
      3. precipitation
   2. Carbon-FAP
      1. Fossil
      2. Aerobic resperation
      3. Photosysthesis
   3. Phosphorus_NA,L

      Annotations:

      • • Does not cycle through the atmosphere • Obtained from terrestrial rock  formations • Limiting factor on land and in freshwater ecosystems • Biologically important for producers and consumers
      1. NOT in atmosphere
      2. Limiting Factor - nutrient
   4. Nitrogen-FAND
      1. (de)nitrification
         1. N2 -> NH4+

            Annotations:

            • nitrification
         2. NO3- -> N2

            Annotations:

            • denitrification
      2. Ammonification
         1. NH4+ -> NO3-
      3. Nitrogen fixation
         1. org N -> NH4 +
7. Energy
   1. Trophic level - PCDD

      Annotations:

      • As energy flows through ecosystems in food  chains and webs, the amount of chemical energy available to organisms at each  succeeding feeding level decreases.
      1. Food Chain & Food Web

         Annotations:

         • • Food chain –Sequence of organisms, each of  which serves as a source of food for  the next • Food web –Network of interconnected food chains –More complex than a food chain
         1. Cycling of matter
         2. E flow
      2. Producer

         Annotations:

         • (autotrophs) – Photosynthesis
      3. Consumer

         Annotations:

         • (heterotrophs)  – Primary - herbivores – Secondary - carnivores – Third-level - omnivores
      4. Decomposer

         Annotations:

         • Release nutrients from the dead bodies of plants and animals
      5. Detritive

         Annotations:

         • Feed on the waste or dead bodies of organisms
      6. Production and Consumption of Energy

         Annotations:

         • • Photosynthesis • Carbon dioxide + water + solar energy --> glucose + oxygen • Aerobic respiration • Glucose + oxygen --> carbon dioxide + water + energy
      7. Biomass
      8. Ecological efficiency - (-10%)
      9. Pyramid of energy flow
8. Technical term

   Annotations:

   • Troph = feed , grow , nutrient Herb = grass carn = flesh omni = all auto = direct from within heter = difffrence vore = swallow percolation = refers to the movement and filtering of fluids through porous materials. guano = excrete from birds dolomite = translucent mineral