1937369
Description
Mind Map by megan_stark, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by megan_stark
over 11 years ago
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What physical
factors determine
the supply of
water?
- Climate
- Caernafon is located in North Wales. It receives on
average, 600mm annual rainfall which mostly falls in
September- November. The rain usually falls as relief
rainfall- the prevailing winds pick up moisture as they
travel across the Atlantic Ocean. The moist air reaches
the coast and is forced over the mountains such as
Snowdon. The air cools, condenses and forms clouds
over Caernafon. This means that there is an ample
supply of water in Caernafon due to the type of rainfall.
- Northern Kent is located in the South East of England.
It receives the least rainfall in the whole of the UK, at
just 825mm per year. This is due to its location- being
in the rain shadow. Relief rainfall falls in the West, the
air rises over the mountains, to the other side and
warms. This makes the air lose it's water carrying
ability which means that only a small amount of rain
falls in the UK. This means that alongside it's low relief
and impermable Geoglogy, there is a water defecit due
to only a small amount of rainfall being received each
year.
- Caernafon is located in North Wales. It receives on
average, 600mm annual rainfall which mostly falls in
September- November. The rain usually falls as relief
rainfall- the prevailing winds pick up moisture as they
travel across the Atlantic Ocean. The moist air reaches
the coast and is forced over the mountains such as
Snowdon. The air cools, condenses and forms clouds
over Caernafon. This means that there is an ample
supply of water in Caernafon due to the type of rainfall.
- Relief
- The majority of the MDB consists of plains,
with a low elevation of just 100m above sea level.
This means that there is a lower gradient
between the highest points and the lowest
points. Therefore when precipitation occurs,
there is very slow run off because there is a
lack of gravity as a force to push the water
downwards into the basin. Therefore there is
less rain in the basin as most remains on the
leaves of plants or is absorved in the soil.
- However, the South East of the basin, including
Sydney, consists of a large hill range, including the
Australian Alps. This means that the relief in the
South East is much larger (500m above sea level).
Therefore precipitation and also snow melt and
consequently, due to the higher elevation, there is
more run off which moves faster towards the
basin. This is because there is a larger gradient.
This means that the Alps is the source of the river
and provides 75% of the MDB's supply.
- The majority of the MDB consists of plains,
with a low elevation of just 100m above sea level.
This means that there is a lower gradient
between the highest points and the lowest
points. Therefore when precipitation occurs,
there is very slow run off because there is a
lack of gravity as a force to push the water
downwards into the basin. Therefore there is
less rain in the basin as most remains on the
leaves of plants or is absorved in the soil.
- Geology
- The geology in Northern Scotland
consists of mainly Metamorphic rock.
This rock is impermeable which means
that when rainfall occurs, the rain cannot
peroculate into the ground so there is
little storage. This contributes
extensively to the fact that only 3% of
water is taken from groundwater
supply, despite the area having 1000mm
of rainfall per year.
- The south East of England is the
largest water supply in the whole of
the UK, despite having the least
rainfall. This is because the geology
mainly consists of chalk which is
permeable. This means that any
rain that falls is able to peroculate
into the ground and is stored in
plentiful supply. Therefore 72% of
the total supply of the UK is taken
from ground water stores in the
southern water board.
- The geology in Northern Scotland
consists of mainly Metamorphic rock.
This rock is impermeable which means
that when rainfall occurs, the rain cannot
peroculate into the ground so there is
little storage. This contributes
extensively to the fact that only 3% of
water is taken from groundwater
supply, despite the area having 1000mm
of rainfall per year.
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