248423
Description
Mind Map by melian.yates, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by melian.yates
over 10 years ago
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Conditions for Surgical Anaesthesia
- 1) Deep General Anaesthesia
- High doses of Injectable Propofol or Inhalant Isoflurane
- Causes:
- Hypotension, Hypoventilation, Hypothermia, laryngeal areflexia
- Hypotension, Hypoventilation, Hypothermia, laryngeal areflexia
- Causes:
- Can only be tolerated by young, healthy animals
- High doses of Injectable Propofol or Inhalant Isoflurane
- 2) Supported Deep General Anaesthesia
- High doses of Injectable Propofol or Inhalant
Isoflurane, but adverse effects are monitored
and compensated for by the anaesthetist
using extrinsic support
- High doses of Injectable Propofol or Inhalant
Isoflurane, but adverse effects are monitored
and compensated for by the anaesthetist
using extrinsic support
- 3) Balanced Anaesthesia
- 3 Drug Clsses are used to achieve the needs of surgical anaesthesia
- 1) Anaesthetics/ hypnotics =>
Unconsciousness
- Using very low inspired concentrations of
sevoflurane with N2O (will just keep animal
unconscious)
- Using very low inspired concentrations of
sevoflurane with N2O (will just keep animal
unconscious)
- 3) Analgesics => Analgesia
- Supplied by one or all of these options:
- Topical proxymetacaine
local anaesthetic
- Retrobulbar blockade
w/ local anaesthetic
- Opiods (e.g. pre-operative
morphine and/or intra-operative
alfentanil
- Stops spontaneous breathing:
mandates controlled ventilation
- Stops spontaneous breathing:
mandates controlled ventilation
- Topical proxymetacaine
local anaesthetic
- Supplied by one or all of these options:
- 2) Neuromuscular blocking agents
=> Muscle relaxation
- Atracurium (non-depolarizing
neuromuscular blocking agent)
- Stops spontaneous breathing :
mandates controlled ventilation
- Stops spontaneous breathing :
mandates controlled ventilation
- Atracurium (non-depolarizing
neuromuscular blocking agent)
- 2 Additional elements:
- Arreflexia
- DO2
- Arreflexia
- 1) Anaesthetics/ hypnotics =>
Unconsciousness
- Lower doses of Anaesthetics are needed (relieved
of producing analgesia and muscle relaxation), so
the vital centre activity is perserved
- Most useful in patients with diminished
cardiovascular reserve (very ill or very old)
- Most useful in patients with diminished
cardiovascular reserve (very ill or very old)
- 3 Drug Clsses are used to achieve the needs of surgical anaesthesia
- Selection of Optimum Surgical Technique
- 1) Patient (Specific) Factors
- Ex. Ethological
(Temperment),
Anatomical,
Physiological,
Pharmacological
- Ex. Ethological
(Temperment),
Anatomical,
Physiological,
Pharmacological
- 2) Patient (Individual) Factors
- Ex. Size, Temperament,
Breed, Health
status, Age,
Concurrent
medication,
Reproductive
status, Function
(avoid long-acting
drugs in training
athletes)
- Ex. Size, Temperament,
Breed, Health
status, Age,
Concurrent
medication,
Reproductive
status, Function
(avoid long-acting
drugs in training
athletes)
- 3) Surgical Procedure
- Ex. Duration,
Invasivness,
Location
- Ex. Duration,
Invasivness,
Location
- 4) Micellaneous factors
- Ex. Cost,
convenience,
availability,
familiaraity
- Ex. Cost,
convenience,
availability,
familiaraity
- 1) Patient (Specific) Factors
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