History of Cardiac Surgery

Introduction to Cardiac Surgery
1. William Harvey (1578-1657) great discoverer of circulation sanguine, with his book "EXERTITATIO ANATOMICA. DE MORTUS CORDIS Y SANGUlNIS IN ANIMALIBUS", model of clarity and precision, with him the era of Modern Medicine begins.
2. XIX Century
  1. Réne Laennec (1781-1826): auscultation
  2. Josef Skoda (1805-1881): description of heart murmurs
  3. Willem Einthoven (1860-1927): discovered the mechanism of the electrocardiogram
Historical background. Stage of first attempts
1. 1815
  1. Francisco Romero: successfully performed the first thoracotomy followed by pericardiectomy (removal of the pericardium).
2. Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca (1488/1490-1559: he performed the first successful thoracotomy without being interested in the pericardium.
3. 1986
  1. Ludwig Rehn (1849-1930): successfully practices the first direct suture of the heart to repair a war wound.
4. 1823
  1. Elliot Cutler (1888-1947): performed the first successful surgery to open a narrow mitral valve, the first heart valve surgery.
Initial stage - stage of the first achievements
1. 1938
  1. Robert Gross (1905-1988): successfully closes a patent ductus arteriosus in a child
2. 1944
  1. Clarence Crafoord (1899 - 1984): performed the first successful repair of aortic coarctation.
3. 1948
  1. Dwight E. Harken (1910-1993): performed his first successful direct transatrial mitral valvuloplasty using a cardiovalvulotome.
4. 1937
  1. John Heysham Gibbon (1903-1973): performed the first successfully conducted cardiopulmonary bypass on an experimental animal.
    1. 1953
      1. first surgeon to successfully perform open heart surgery by closing a heart defect in a young woman.
Third Stage: "Developmental Stage" or "Fullness Stage
1. 1965
  1. biological valves or valve grafts are initiated in an attempt to avoid thrombosis or anticoagulation problems with the biological materials.
2. coronary surgery
  1. 1952
    1. Arthur Vineberg (1903-1988): first attempt to provide irrigation to the diseased heart, implanted the mammary artery into the heart muscle.
  2. 1967
    1. Réne Favaloro (1923-2000): developed the coronary bypass using the saphenous vein.
3. heart transplant
  1. 1969
    1. Denton A. Cooley (1920-2016): performed the first total implant of an artificial heart.
  2. 1967
    1. Christiaan Neethling Barnard (1922-2001): first known to perform a human heart transplant
Stage Two - Golden Decade of Cardiac Surgery
1. 1954
  1. Clarence Walton Lillehei (1918-1999): "Father of Open Heart Surgery In the first stage, open-heart surgery with general hypothermia is initiated.
2. 1958
  1. Richard A. DeWall (1926-2016): created the first portable and viable bubble oxygenator that eliminated bubbles, thus preventing gas embolism during cardiopulmonary bypass.
3. 1960
  1. Dwight E. Harken (1910-1993): successfully performed the first valve replacement with a ball prosthesis.
Doctors of the film
1. Alfred Blalock (1899-1964): It manages to produce the effect of cyanosis as in pediatric patients.
2. Vivien Theodore Thomas (1910 — 1985): Replicate blue babies with dogs and perfect a new suturing technique.
3. Helen Brooke Taussig (1898-1986): suggested that to improve the "blue baby" syndrome the procedure had to be surgical.

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History of Cardiac Surgery

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	Created by Margareth Castro R. over 3 years ago