ESL Theories

Description

A description of different ESL theories, who created them, and how they can be used in the classroom.
kcm0023
Mind Map by kcm0023, updated more than 1 year ago
kcm0023
Created by kcm0023 over 9 years ago
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Resource summary

ESL Theories
  1. Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills (BICS)
    1. Language skills needed for social situations in environments with peers, teachers, and others
      1. Interacting with a student on the playground or in the lunch room, encouraging casual conversation
      2. Jim Cummins
      3. Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency (CALP)
        1. Language skills needed for academics
          1. Reading, speaking, writing, or listening in the classroom, working one on one with student
          2. Jim Cummins
          3. Input Hypothesis
            1. Stephen Krashen
              1. All people understand language in the same way through many forms of communication
                1. People who speak different languages can look at the same picture and get a similar understanding, so using different pictures and visual demonstrations can help ESL learners
              2. Universal Grammar
                1. Noam Chomsky
                  1. All languages are based on the different components of sentences such as verbs, nouns, and adjectives
                    1. Try to relate the structure of the child's first language to the similar structure in sentences in English
                  2. Threshold Hypothesis
                    1. A person must be competent in one language before being able to understand and use another language
                      1. Working with a student using their first language until they fully understand it and then adding English into the curriculum
                      2. Jim Cummins
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