3488320
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Mind Map by sarinapatel2, updated more than 1 year ago
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THE ATOMIC NUCLEUS
- Structure
- Composed of
particles called
nucleons
(protons and
neutrons)
- Protons -
positively
charged
- Neutrons
- Neutral
- Protons and
Neutrons
have close to
the same
mass
- Neutron's
mass
slightly
greater
- Neutron's
mass
slightly
greater
- Nucleons
have 2000
times the
mass of
electrons
- Protons -
positively
charged
- Tiny
- 30,000
Carbon
Nuclei fit
into one
Carbon atom
- 30,000
Carbon
Nuclei fit
into one
Carbon atom
- Composed of
particles called
nucleons
(protons and
neutrons)
- Electrical Charge
- Positively
Charged
Protons
- Hold
negatively
charged
electrons
in orbit
- Determines
possible
structures of
electron
orbits that
can occur
- Hold
negatively
charged
electrons
in orbit
- Acts as repulsive
force between
protons
- Positively
Charged
Protons
- Protons
- Positively charged
- Number of protons
determines
chemical properties
of the atom
- # of protons = #of electrons
- Positively charged
- Neutrons
- Neutral
- No direct effect
on the electron
structure
- Does not affect
the chemistry
of an atom
- Neutral
- The Strong Force
- Binds Nucleons together
- Nuclear Force
- Strong over very short distance
- Large Force Vectors
- Binds Nucleons together
- Stability
- Due to a tension
between the strong
force's tendency to hold
the nucleus together
and the electrical
force's tendency to
blow it apart
- Nucleus needs
certain balance of
nucleons to be stable
- More protons = more neutrons needed
- Light elements -
# of protons = #
of neutrons
- Heavy Elements -
More protons =
extra neutrons
required
- Elements more than 83
protons - even extra
neutrons can't
completely stabilize it
- Light elements -
# of protons = #
of neutrons
- Due to a tension
between the strong
force's tendency to hold
the nucleus together
and the electrical
force's tendency to
blow it apart
- The Nuclear Force
- Strong, but
barely strong
enough to keep
nucleons
togeteher
- When a pair
of protons
repel, the
force can't
keep them
together
- When Neutrons are
present, the
attractive strong
force is increased to
balance the
repulsive force
- Presence of
neurons adds to
nuclear
attraction and
keeps protons
from flying apart
- Attractive force
better when
protons are
closer together
- Strong, but
barely strong
enough to keep
nucleons
togeteher
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