Liquidity -
whether firm able
to meet
short-term
liabilities (solvecy)
Current ratio
This is a simple measure that
estimates whether the business can
pay debts due within one year out of
the current assets. A ratio of less than
one is often a cause for concern,
particularly if it persists for any length
of time.
Should be noted that there should be maximum as well as
minimum as too many current assets is opportunity cost for
non-current to produce goods
Acid test
Used as an alternative to current ratio as firms cannot be
sure if inventories will sell, and not all current assets can be
turned into cash quickly
Need to take into consideration the value of inventories that a firm would
need to hold for example supermarkets/solicitors. Find an industry average as
low figure may not indicate solvecy
Financial
efficiency -
management of
firms working
capital and
assets/liabilities
Gearing - focuses on
liquidity and
capital structure
Measures the proportion of
assets invested in a
business that are financed
by long-term borrowing.
Profitability - compare
profits with size of firm -
performance ratios
ROCE
Shows the operating
profit as a
percentage of capital
employed
With ROCE, the higher the percentage figure,
the better. The figure needs to be compared
with the ROCE from previous years to see if
there is a trend of ROCE rising or falling.
To improve its ROCE a business can try to do
two things: •Improve the top line (i.e. increase
operating profit) without a corresponding increase
in capital employed, or •Maintain operating profit
but reduce the value of capital employed