Data & Information

Data & Information

1. What is data?

   • RAW Material
   • meaning less details as lack relevance
   • Have no context

2. Forms of Data

   • Numbers
   • Words
   • Images
   • Sounds

3. How can data arise

   • Direct Source
     • Counting cars as they enter a car park
   • Purpose for which it is collected
   • Indirect data
     • Collected for one purpose and used for another
       • EXAMPLE: Sales data from credit card used for promotional

4. Why Code Data

   • Less effort to type
   • More data can appear on screen
   • Takes up less storage
   • Easier to check the code is accurate

5. Examples of Coded Data

   • dd/mm/yy
   • M or F
   • GB, AU, CH, ES

6. Encoding

   • Putting data into a specified format that allows effective transmission or storage
   • Data is converted into binary to allow the computer to understand it
   • ASCII Encoding - where keyboard characters are changed into Binary. A = 01000001

7. Why encode Data?

   • To compress Data
     • Makes it smaller and occupy less space
   • Enable a file produced in one software package to be read by someone who does not have that software package on their computer

8. Types of Encoding

   • Images
     • GIF
     • JPG
     • BMP
     • PNG
   • Sound
     • WAV
     • MP3
     • WMA

9. Difference between Data & Information

   • Data is raw values put into, stored and processed by a system
   • Information is produced as data with a context.

10. What is information?

    • Information is processed data
    • Data that has been
      • Processed
      • Contextualised
      • Organised in the same way

11. Quality of information

    • Accuracy
    • Information to be easily understood
    • Relevance
    • Up to date

12. Why keep data up to date?

    • Data Protection
    • Accurate Predictions
    • Accurate analysis of Data