432003
War on the W. Front
- REASONS FOR THE STALEMATE
- failure of the Schlieffen Plan
- Russian mobilisation
- Belgian resistance/Brittains involvment
- *TREATY OF PARIS
- *TREATY OF PARIS
- *BATTLE OF THE MARNE- september 6-10 1914
- race to the sea, both sides dug
down to hold ground = trenches
and beginging of trench warfare
- race to the sea, both sides dug
down to hold ground = trenches
and beginging of trench warfare
- 1st Battle of Ypre 6 – 22
November
- *established deadlock
and end of war of
movement
- *established deadlock
and end of war of
movement
- Defensive combat held all
advantages over offensive.
Trenches, machine guns,
barbed wire
- failure of the Schlieffen Plan
- NATURE OF TRENCH
WARFARE AND LIFE IN THE
TRENCHES
- 3 lines of trenches = frontline, support, reserve
- GERMAN TRENCH vs ALLIED TRENCH
- G.Dug in and were
prepared to stay there,
very deep, comfortable
trenches. Some dugouts
12m deep
- B. Offense was of the
essence. Trenches ment
to be impermanent.
Shallower, less
comfortable.
- G.Dug in and were
prepared to stay there,
very deep, comfortable
trenches. Some dugouts
12m deep
- Trench design - Zig Zags to prevent
explosions spreading
- PROBLEMS IN TRENCHES
- RATS, LICE
- DISEASE eg TRENCHFOOT
- BLIGHTY = self inflicted
injury to get out of trenches
- RATS, LICE
- led to war of attrition
- B. had 3.5 million non battle
casualties === many died from
disease in trenches
- 3 lines of trenches = frontline, support, reserve
- STRATERGIES TO BREAK
THE STALEMATE
- NEW TECHNOLOGIES
- MAJOR BATTLES
- VERDUN
- SOMME
- Passchendale
- VERDUN
- Battle of attrition
- NEW TECHNOLOGIES
- CHANGING ATTITUDES OF SOLDIERS
- First enthusiastic
- brittain relied on volunterrs
- Germany conscription
but still widespread
enthusiasm
- CHRISTMAS TRUCE 1914
- allied and german soldiers
called an unofficial truce on
christmas day and used the
day to bury dead, exchange
gifts and play games.
- allied and german soldiers
called an unofficial truce on
christmas day and used the
day to bury dead, exchange
gifts and play games.
- brittain introduced conscription JANUARY 27 1916
- PROPAGANDA
- continuously changing based on events of the war.
- eg. after conscription introduced in
B. it was more about conserving
food and purchasing war bonds to
fund the war
- eg. after conscription introduced in
B. it was more about conserving
food and purchasing war bonds to
fund the war
- continuously changing based on events of the war.
- First enthusiastic
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