Russia in the 19th Century

The Russian Empire-Land and People, Why it was such a hard place to rule
1. Geography: One of the largest countries in the world- Trans siberan railways crossed 8 time zones!Asiastic Russia, including siberia, sparsely populated whilst Euopean Russia very populated
2. Population Growth: population was growing rapidly- went from 45 million to 170 million in just a hundred years. This put a huge pressure on agriculture. Food production struggled. However,80 % peasants in countryside
3. Nationalities: Multi-national state! Russians were the single largest nationality but were outnumbered overall with non-Russians. Many of the non-Russians resented living under the Tsarist regime. Espeically Poles- they made uprisings
4. Social Classes: There was a social Pyramid- Tsar, Nobility, middle class business men, professionals, working class-(only 2%) and the Peasant (80%)
5. Religion: many religions practised- Orthodox church was the biggestrelgion and closely identified with the tsarist regime
How was Russia Ruled?
1. Outline of Tsarist Regime
  1. Tsar- Autocratic Ruler- He had complete control. Believed to have been appointed by God. He was helped by ministers and administrators who were appointed by himself
2. Alexander II
  1. 1855-1881
  2. Defeat in the Crimean War confined hm that Russia needed to modernise to remain a major power. These were called the 'Great Reforms' of the 1860s. They included: 1) the emancipation of the serf, where surfs won legal freedom 2)Zemsta- saw establishment of elected local assemblies 3) Judical Reform- gave judges greater independence from government contra. Also an education reform, less censorship and a military reform

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Russia in the 19th Century

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	Created by milly.b-w about 11 years ago