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Heart disease in kids-epidem & aetiology

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Paediatrics (Cardio) Mind Map on Heart disease in kids-epidem & aetiology, created by v.djabatey on 27/01/2014.
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Mind Map by v.djabatey, updated more than 1 year ago
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Resource summary

Heart disease in kids-epidem & aetiology
  1. epidemiology
    1. mostly congenital
      1. commonest single group of structural malformations in infants
      2. 8 per 1000 liveborn infants have sig cardiac malfomations
        1. some CV abnormality is present in 1-2% of live births
          1. 1 in 10 stillborn infants have a cardiac anomaly
            1. 80% of lesions accounted for by 9 commonest anomalies
              1. left to rights shunts (breathless)
                1. VSD (30%)
                  1. Persistent arterial duct (12%)
                    1. ASD (7%)
                    2. right to left shunts (blue)
                      1. Fallot's Tetralogy (5%)
                        1. Transposition of the great arteries (5%)
                        2. common mixing (breathless & blue)
                          1. AVSD (complete) (2%)
                          2. outflow obstruction in well child (asymp w/ a murmur)
                            1. pulmonary stenosis (7%)
                              1. aortic stenosis (5%)
                              2. outflow obstruction in a sick neonate (collapsed w/ shock)
                                1. aortic coarctation (5%)
                            2. Aetiology
                              1. maternal disorders
                                1. rubella infection
                                  1. peripheral pulmonary stenosis
                                    1. persistent ductus arteriosus
                                      1. freq= 30-35%
                                      2. SLE
                                        1. complete heart block (anti-Ro & anti-La antibody)
                                          1. freq= 35%
                                          2. diabetes mellitus
                                            1. increased incidence of cardiac abnormalities overall
                                              1. freq= 2%
                                            2. maternal drugs
                                              1. warfarin therapy
                                                1. pulmonary valve stenosis
                                                  1. persistent ductus arteriosus
                                                    1. freq=5%
                                                    2. fetal alcohol syn
                                                      1. ASD
                                                        1. VSD
                                                          1. Tetralogy of Fallot
                                                            1. freq=25%
                                                          2. chromosomal abnormality
                                                            1. Down syn (trisomy 21)
                                                              1. AVSD
                                                                1. VSD
                                                                  1. freq=30%
                                                                  2. Edward syn (trisomy 18)
                                                                    1. complex
                                                                      1. freq=60-80%
                                                                      2. Patau syn (trisomy 13)
                                                                        1. complex
                                                                          1. freq=70%
                                                                          2. Turner syn (45XO)
                                                                            1. aortic valve stenosis
                                                                              1. coarctation of aorta
                                                                                1. freq=15%
                                                                                2. DiGeorge syn (chromosome 22q11.2 deletion)
                                                                                  1. aortic arch anomalies
                                                                                    1. tetralogy of Fallot
                                                                                      1. common arterial trunk
                                                                                        1. freq=80%
                                                                                        2. Williams syn ( chromosome 7q11.23 microdeletion)
                                                                                          1. supraventricular aortic stenosis
                                                                                            1. peripheral pulmonary artery stenosis
                                                                                              1. freq=85%
                                                                                              2. Noonan syndrome (PTPN11 mutation)
                                                                                                1. hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
                                                                                                  1. ASD
                                                                                                    1. pulmonary valve stenosis
                                                                                                      1. freq=50%
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