521230
Description
Mind Map by natalie6715, updated more than 1 year ago
|
Created by natalie6715
over 11 years ago
|
|
Tropical Rainforest
Ecosystem
- Rainforest are generally found between the Tropic of Cancer
and the Tropic of Capricorn around the equator. The main
rainforest the Amazon is in South America covering
approximately a third of the continent and contributing to 1/5th of
the worlds oxygen. There are also some in Africa and countries
to the East such as Japan.
- The climate in the Tropical Rainforest is
generally hot and humid with the temperature
varying little over the year wih an average of
25c. The rainfall is also high over the year
peaking at 350mm in may and then falling to its
lowest of 200mm in October. The average
rainfall over the year is approximately 260mm.
The climate doesn't not vary over the year much
so there are no seasons.
- Why is it so hot? Its location near the equator means
the sun is concentrated around this area making it get
equal amounts of heat. The northern and southern
hemispheres are at an angle so are much cooler.
- Emergent Layer - reaches hieghts of
40-50m tall The Kapok tree example of
emergent
- Undercanopy -Abundant insects,
layer of bare tree trunks (low level
sunlight 25%) small trees,lianas
- Shrub Layer- densest plant
growth, 5% sunlight plants
adapted, sapling of emergents
and canopy trees. Large
buttress roots
- Forest Floor- decaying plants disappear
quickly due to humid conditions, dark and
damp, prone to flooding. only 2% of
sunlight reaches it. Floor is covered in
thin layer of decomposing leaves and
dead animals called litter. forms rich layer
of nutrients the humus layer
- Canopy- home to 50% of species,
dense layer that blocks sunlight to other
layers. Includes birds, snakes,
monkeys, lianas
- Canopy- home to 50% of species,
dense layer that blocks sunlight to other
layers. Includes birds, snakes,
monkeys, lianas
- Forest Floor- decaying plants disappear
quickly due to humid conditions, dark and
damp, prone to flooding. only 2% of
sunlight reaches it. Floor is covered in
thin layer of decomposing leaves and
dead animals called litter. forms rich layer
of nutrients the humus layer
- Shrub Layer- densest plant
growth, 5% sunlight plants
adapted, sapling of emergents
and canopy trees. Large
buttress roots
- Undercanopy -Abundant insects,
layer of bare tree trunks (low level
sunlight 25%) small trees,lianas
- Rubber tapping sustainable and beneficial to locals, collecting latex from local rubber trees,
locals use it to have income but ensure trees stay healthy. 63,000 families earn from this
- Farming Palm Oil - unsustainable and non beneficial to locals, palm oil being extracted to go in medc
products by causing deforestation, 50% packaged supermarket products contain it
- Cattle Ranching- unsustainable but helps development. Uses open land to
keep cattle for export. 60% of land cleared for deforestation is for cattle
ranching. more than 4000 exported a week
- mineral extraction - mining for gold and other materials to make money, make
around $20 a day enough to live. land is scarred ground infertile due to chemicals
- mineral extraction - mining for gold and other materials to make money, make
around $20 a day enough to live. land is scarred ground infertile due to chemicals
- road building- clearing land so its available for roads to be built, trade increases but
disrupts neighbourhoods increased crime.
- slash and burn could never discover species or medicines, forest products 1/5
of worlds oxygen and contains remedies which slash and burn destroys and
causes to release co2. 1/3 of deforestation caused this way. 150 acres per min
- slash and burn could never discover species or medicines, forest products 1/5
of worlds oxygen and contains remedies which slash and burn destroys and
causes to release co2. 1/3 of deforestation caused this way. 150 acres per min
- Cattle Ranching- unsustainable but helps development. Uses open land to
keep cattle for export. 60% of land cleared for deforestation is for cattle
ranching. more than 4000 exported a week
- Farming Palm Oil - unsustainable and non beneficial to locals, palm oil being extracted to go in medc
products by causing deforestation, 50% packaged supermarket products contain it
- Drip tip leaves -helps the water to run straight off the plant, so they're not weighing down the plant making leaves
break off. Waxy coating also prevents needed water from evaporating in hot conditions so it doesn’t dry out.
because the rainfall is often and very heavy so the water needs to get to the forest floor,
they’re shaped to a point for easy water flow and often waxy to get rid of the water quickly. The tree would not
be able to photosynthesize if the leaves were covered in a layer of water.
- Buttress Roots- are large roots on all sides of a shallowly rooted tree. Typically, they are found in
nutrient-poor rainforest soils This adaptation helps the tree to survive in conditions such as high winds
because emergent trees can be subjected to these. They root the tree to the ground
- Can live on forest floor where only 2%of sunlight and can get nutrients and live. No competition for place to
live. Saprophytes- Do not require sunlight to live as they don’t photosynthesis they gain the energy from
nutrients in dead organic matter on the forest floor. No chlorophyll makes them white.
- Can live on forest floor where only 2%of sunlight and can get nutrients and live. No competition for place to
live. Saprophytes- Do not require sunlight to live as they don’t photosynthesis they gain the energy from
nutrients in dead organic matter on the forest floor. No chlorophyll makes them white.
- Epiphytes -Being near the light allows them to photosynthesis and
grow. Growing on other living plants allows them to grow high up
and this means they will have more light to grow than in other
places. They use the host plant for support
- Lianas – Similar to Epiphytes they grow up around trees so they can
reach the light. They have thick, woody stems and can grow up to 3,000ft
wrapping themselves up round the tree without damaging it to reach the
canopy layer where the sunlight is concentrated.
- Lianas – Similar to Epiphytes they grow up around trees so they can
reach the light. They have thick, woody stems and can grow up to 3,000ft
wrapping themselves up round the tree without damaging it to reach the
canopy layer where the sunlight is concentrated.
- Buttress Roots- are large roots on all sides of a shallowly rooted tree. Typically, they are found in
nutrient-poor rainforest soils This adaptation helps the tree to survive in conditions such as high winds
because emergent trees can be subjected to these. They root the tree to the ground
Media attachments
Want to create your own Mind Maps for free with GoConqr? Learn more.