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Congestive Heart Failure

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Mind Map on Congestive Heart Failure, created by ann91287 on 05/02/2014.
ann91287
Mind Map by ann91287, updated more than 1 year ago
ann91287
Created by ann91287 about 12 years ago
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Resource summary

Congestive Heart Failure
  1. Pathophysiology
    1. Diastolic
      1. Stiff Left Ventricle
        1. Impaired ventricular filling
          1. Decreased stroke volume
      2. Systolic
        1. Most affected by HTN, valvular dysfunction, CAD
          1. Ventricle fails to pump enough blood
            1. Baroreceptors activate SNS
              1. Vascular system constricts to increase vital organ perfusion
                1. Increased preload to increase contractility, and increased HR
                  1. Reduced blood flow to the kidneys
                    1. RAA system activated
                      1. Further vasoconstriction and Na++ and H2O retention
      3. Classes of HF
        1. Class I
          1. Cardiac Disease
            1. No limitation in physical activity
          2. Class II
            1. Cardiac Disease
              1. Slight limitation in physical activity
                1. Comfortable at rest
                  1. Symptoms with ordinary physical activity
            2. Class III
              1. Cardiac Disease
                1. Marked limitation in physical activity
                  1. Less than ordinary activity results in symptoms
              2. Class IV
                1. Cardiac Disease
                  1. Inability to carry on any physical activity without discomfort
                    1. Symptoms even at rest
                      1. Discomfort increased with any physical activity
              3. Lifestyle Factors
                1. Edema
                  1. Daily weights
                    1. Support stockings
                      1. Nocturia
                      2. Anasarca
                        1. Hepatomegaly
                          1. Coagulopathy
                        2. Respiratory Distress
                          1. May require supplemental O2
                            1. Exertional Dyspnea
                              1. Orthopnea
                              2. Physical Limitations
                                1. Decreased social interaction
                                  1. Decreased quality of life
                                    1. Reliance on others for ADL assistance
                                  2. Pharmacologic Management
                                    1. Loop Diuretics
                                      1. Reduces fluid retention
                                      2. ACE-I or ARB
                                        1. Prevent the conversion of A1 to A2
                                          1. A2 responsible for vasoconsrticion
                                            1. Decreased fluid retention
                                        2. Beta Blockers
                                          1. Decreased HR
                                            1. Increased diastolic filling time
                                            2. Decreased oxygen consumption
                                              1. Lower BP
                                              2. Digoxin
                                                1. Decreased HR
                                              3. Non-Pharm Management
                                                1. Salt Restriction
                                                  1. Cardiac Rehab
                                                    1. Support for chronic disease management
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