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630434
Evaluation of kidney function
Description
Mind Map on Evaluation of kidney function, created by Zulhilmi Zainal on 13/03/2014.
Mind Map by
Zulhilmi Zainal
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
Zulhilmi Zainal
about 10 years ago
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Resource summary
Evaluation of kidney function
Summary of normal urine specimen
alarming signs
Red cell casts predominate in acute glomerulonephritis
White cell casts predominate in tubulointerstitial disease
Broad, waxy casts represent complete disintegration of embedded components, suggesting sluggish flow
renal failure casts
Calcium deficiency
renal failure stage of chronic renal disease
low creatinine clearance
low GFR
Hyperphosphatemia, hyperuricemia and acidosis
do not develop until there is 70-80% loss of functional capacity
serum urea/creatinine ratio is normally about 15
Laboratory findings in specific syndromes
Nephrotic Syndrome
proteinuria > 3 g/day
hypoproteinemia and consequent edema
hyperlipidemia
Nephritic Syndrome
hematuria, proteinuria ( < 2 g/day)
red cell casts
Tubulointerstitial Disease
cloudy urine from high WBC
white cell casts
proteinuria ( < 1 g/day)
Acute Renal Failure
sudden oliguria
broad waxy casts (renal failure casts)
urine sodium concentration > 40 mEq/L
Blood test
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) test
a rise in BUN indicates obstruction of urinary tract
Calculations
GFR = Cinulin = UV/P (inulin) ml/min
ERPF = CPAH = UPAHV/PPAH ml/min
Filtration fraction = GFR/ERPF
Filtered load for substance x = GFR . Px mg/min
Excretion rate for substance x= Ux (mg/ml) . V (ml/min) = mg/min
Secretion Rate= ER (mg/min) – FL (mg/min) = mg/min
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