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Group 7: The Halogens
- Physical Properties
- A family of non-metalic elements
- All are very reactive, and are very strong oxidising agents
- Governed by the fact that they have 7 electrons in there outest shell
- Most common oxidation No. for halogens is -1, but others do exist
- Governed by the fact that they have 7 electrons in there outest shell
- The further down the group the darker and less volatile the elements become, also less reactive
- Chlorine(g) is green/yellow in colour, Bromine(l) is brown and Iodine(s) shiney grew/black
- Chlorine(g) is green/yellow in colour, Bromine(l) is brown and Iodine(s) shiney grew/black
- The solubility of halogens in water decresded down the group
- Halogens are non-polar, dissolve better in hydrocarbonsolvents
- But Chlorine id readily reacted with water
- Cl(2) + H2O = HCL + HClO
- Cl(2) + H2O = HCL + HClO
- Halogens are non-polar, dissolve better in hydrocarbonsolvents
- A family of non-metalic elements
- Oxidation Reactions
- Metals
- Halogens better with more elctroposative elements like metals
- This means that when they do react they remove some or all of a metals outer elctrons
- This is especialy true for group 1 and 2 elements
- Mg + Cl(2) = MgCl(2)
- Mg + Cl(2) = MgCl(2)
- This means that when they do react they remove some or all of a metals outer elctrons
- Halogens better with more elctroposative elements like metals
- Non-metals
- Halogens reacting with non-metals usually react a nobal gas configuration of e-
- An example of a non-metal halognes react with is phosphorus
- Chlorine forms Phosphorus(iii) chloride
- 2P + 3Cl(2) = 2PCl(3)
- With an excess of chlorine it will form Phosphorus(v) chloride
- With an excess of chlorine it will form Phosphorus(v) chloride
- 2P + 3Cl(2) = 2PCl(3)
- Chlorine forms Phosphorus(iii) chloride
- Halogens reacting with non-metals usually react a nobal gas configuration of e-
- Iron(ii) chloride
- reaction ocurrs when a halogen is added to the reactant in solution
- 2FeCl(2)+Cl(2)= 2FeCl(3)
- 2FeCl(2)+Cl(2)= 2FeCl(3)
- The halogen oxidises the green Iron(ii) to brown Iron(iii)
- reaction ocurrs when a halogen is added to the reactant in solution
- Metals
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