ESL Approaches and Methods

Integrated Content-Based (ICB)
1. Content-based instruction using thematic units
2. Through a central theme, various subject material such as language arts and math may be incorporated at the same time.
3. Benefits for ELLs
  1. Provides meaningful context
  2. Integrates sociocultural, cognitive, academic, and linguistic
  3. By working with content and language objectives at the same time, students are developing BICS and CALP
4. Ideal in settings where program is transitioning from grammar-based to content based
5. ESL certified or endorsed teacher typically provides the instruction
Sheltered Instruction (SIOP)
1. Benefits to ELLs
  1. Comprehensible, relevant, motivating
  2. Targets multiple learning styles, cooperative learning reduces affective filter, guarded vocab makes instruction comprehensible, visuals assist in comprehension
  3. Includes lots of scaffolding
2. Uses the full scope and sequence of the curriculum
3. Typically delivered by a subject area certified teacher
4. Strategies
  1. Hands-On Activities Cooperative Learning Guarded Vocabulary Visuals
CALLA, Cognitive Academic Language Learning Approach
1. Students begin learning academic content while acquiring English; literacy across the content curriculum
2. 3 components: topics from the major content areas, development of academic language and literacy, and explicit instruction in learning strategies for both content and 2nd language acquisition
3. Combined cognitive and social model
4. Benefits for ELLs
  1. They are immediately instructed in the curriculum and introduced to academic vocabulary so that they do not so quickly fall behind grade level
  2. Includes focus on listening, speaking, reading, writing
  3. Teaches strategy so that the students can help themselves
Segregated Skills Instruction
1. Focus on isolated skill
2. May be teacher with no ESL training
ESL Pull-Out
1. Delivered by an ESL teacher
2. Shown to be the least effective model for L2 development

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ESL Approaches and Methods

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	Created by Rachel Copeland over 7 years ago