Characteristics of Personhood

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A Levels Philosophy (Personhood) Mind Map on Characteristics of Personhood, created by rlshindmarsh on 06/05/2013.
rlshindmarsh
Mind Map by rlshindmarsh, updated more than 1 year ago
rlshindmarsh
Created by rlshindmarsh almost 11 years ago
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Characteristics of Personhood
  1. Reason and Reflection
    1. Autonomy, the ability to act upon chioces. Ability to reflect on motives
      1. main dividing factor in the debate about animals as persons
        1. MIll: 'it is better to be a human being dissatisfied than a pig satisfied'
        2. Self Creation
          1. Satre's Existentialism: 'Man first of all exists, encounters himself, surges up in the world - and defines himself afterwards... he will be what he makes himself'
            1. a person is a 'free and responsible agent' who shapes himself through acts of will.
            2. Language
              1. Glover argues that when you speak in a foreign language you present a 'simplified version of yourself
                1. the ability to understand/communicate ideas effectively (which is provided by language) is important for self awareness and self creation
                2. Self Awareness
                  1. ability to concieve of the concept of personhood, to concieve of the SELF as a person at different times and places
                    1. concept of the personhood is LOGICALLY PRIMITIVE - Strawson
                      1. Arose from criticism of the cogito
                        1. Descartes takes advantage of our knowledge of 'I' rather than a 'self'
                  2. Being Social
                    1. John Donne: 'No man is an island, entire of itself; every man is a piece of the continent, a part of the main'
                      1. reaction/interaction with others is key for reaching full potential in self creation, reason and reflection and self awareness
                      2. Degrees of Personhood
                        1. Person
                          1. An animal or human being possessing the necessay characteristics and capabilities of personhood
                          2. Non-person
                            1. an animal or human being that is not capable of one or more necessary characteristics of personhood
                            2. Ex-Person
                              1. A human being or animal that was once capable of rational thought, self awareness and/or communication but has lost those abilities/characteristics
                                1. a human in a vegetative comatose state, a corpse
                              2. Diminished Person
                                1. a human/animal that is less capable/characteristic of personhood than most other persons or than it used to be itself
                                  1. a person with a degenerative nervous/mental illness or a human who has been severely disabled from birth
                                    1. a diminished person may be able to perform all of these functions just to a lesser degree.
                                  2. Potential Person
                                    1. an animal/human that could one day develop or regain the necessary characteristics of personhood
                                      1. a foetus or young baby, a person in a comatose state
                                  3. Necessary
                                    1. a condition/characteristic which is necessary for something to be - for example in order for something to be a triangle it MUST have 3 sides
                                    2. Sufficient
                                      1. a condition/characteristic which is enough or sufficient for something to be.for example youdon't have to give birth in order to be considered a female.
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