Non-Antibiotic Antimicrobial Agents

Description

Mind Map on Non-Antibiotic Antimicrobial Agents, created by Hadir Ezzat on 01/04/2017.
Hadir Ezzat
Mind Map by Hadir Ezzat, updated more than 1 year ago
Hadir Ezzat
Created by Hadir Ezzat over 7 years ago
26
1

Resource summary

Non-Antibiotic Antimicrobial Agents

Annotations:

  • Nom. Of chemicals rapidly germicidal &used to sterile &desinfect. أقل تأثير م الحرارة بس أحسن ف حالة الأسطح والمواد الحساسة للحرارة . وجود الحرارة معاهم بتزود تأثيرهم وجود organic matter معاهم بيقلل التأثير بتاعهم .
  1. Classification
    1. Usage
      1. Disinfectant

        Annotations:

        • Rapid bactricidal Not sporicidal Inanimate objects Surfaces Phenols Alcohols Halogens
        1. Antiseptic

          Annotations:

          • Animate Skin&mucous Must be non toxic Dyes Mercurials Iodine
          1. Preservative & Combinations

            Annotations:

            • الخصائص ص٤٥،٤٦ Combination 1-germall 115---antibacterial no anti fungal 2-parabens---antifungal 1&2conbination--->broader spectrum preservative.
          2. Activities
            1. High

              Annotations:

              • أهم حاجة إنه sporicidal Short time in sterilization (6-10) hours. If diluted---disinfectant 10-45 minutes. Ethylene oxide---sterilization 70%formaldehyde --hospitals & companies. Alcohol: 1-70%not sporicidal 2-absolute---sporicidal
              1. Intermediate

                Annotations:

                • Not sporicidal Active against mycobacterium Chlorine
                1. Low

                  Annotations:

                  • Kill other vegetative bacteria. Chlorohexidine Mercurials
                2. Chemical
                  1. Hydrogen peroxide

                    Annotations:

                    • Disinfectant Good sporadically Concentrations: 10% mucous membranes •ear 20% 30% pus
                    1. Acids&Esters

                      Annotations:

                      • Benzoic à Ester of p-hydroxy benzoic à(parabens) 1-CH3 parabens 2-C3H7 parabens 1&2 used as preservative in emulsion.
                      1. Heavy metals

                        Annotations:

                        • Antiseptic Preservative of eye drops Mercurials Hgcl2
                        1. Halogens

                          Annotations:

                          • Cl2--disinfectant in water CHCL3--highly toxic I2---antiseptic 7%or10%
                          1. Surface active agents

                            Annotations:

                            • Antiseptic &preservative Non toxic Against gm +ve 1-Quaternary amm. Compounds (QAC)---drops 2-benzalkonium Cl2--preservative 1&2--cationic SAA
                            • Enter text here...
                            1. Biguanides

                              Annotations:

                              • Preservative PH---7-8 Clorohixidine ----intermediate
                              1. Aldehydes

                                Annotations:

                                • Sporicidal activity Glutaraldehyde--less toxic Formaldehyde---more toxic---volatile---high biocidal
                                1. Alcohols

                                  Annotations:

                                  • Antiseptic &desinfectant Bactricidal against Myco Not sporicidal Advantage: Volatile--no residue Ethanol 70% Isopropanol
                                  1. Phenols

                                    Annotations:

                                    • Disinfectant & preservative Rapidly bactricidal but not sporicidal Activity: ⬇️with dilution. ⬇️organic material PH---acidic Phenol(carbolic à)
                                2. Mode of action
                                  1. Highly reactive compounds

                                    Annotations:

                                    • B-propiolactone--->in sterilization Ethylene oxide Both are gasses
                                    1. Cytoplasm

                                      Annotations:

                                      • Ribosomes DNA RNA Enzymes
                                      1. Coagulation

                                        Annotations:

                                        • التركيزات العالية من desinfectants Chlorohexidine phenol mercury salts--->coagulate the cytoplasm.
                                        1. Ribosomes

                                          Annotations:

                                          • H2O2-->dissociate riobosomes into two subunits
                                          1. Nucleic à

                                            Annotations:

                                            • Acridine dyes antiseptic زي Proflavine &acriflavine Prevent separation of double helix عن طريق الcross linkage No replication
                                            1. Thiol group

                                              Annotations:

                                              • الحاجات اللي فاتت بالإضافة ل Chlorine releasing agents---> Oxidize thiol gp.
                                            2. Interaction with whole cell
                                              1. Change in electrophoretic mobility

                                                Annotations:

                                                • Bacterial cell wall-->gm -ve. فبتتحرك ناحية الأنود لو اتضافت على water suspيحتوي على إلكترودات. Antimicrobial يؤثر على الشحنة الموجودة على bacterial cell wall.
                                                1. Adsorption

                                                  Annotations:

                                                  • Affect cell wall function Impair transport Lead to cell lysis الأيودين يمتص على سطح ١-E.coli ٢-s.aureus ٣-sacch. Cervisiae الكلوروهيكسيدين يمتص على سطح ١،٢ adsorption---> Along the wall--non-specific.
                                                  • Enter text here...
                                                2. Cell wall

                                                  Annotations:

                                                  • Disruption & lysis.
                                                  1. Cytoplasmic membrane
                                                    1. Membrane Enzymes

                                                      Annotations:

                                                      • 1-ATP Chlorohexidine--> Inhibit membrane ATPaseودابيمنع الanaerobic process. 2-thiol gp. : Mercuric chloride &bronopol-->inhibit enzymes in membrane&win cytoplasm,which contain thiol gp. The toxic action on cell thiol gp may be reversed by extrinsic thiol gp. As Cysteine or thioglycollic à.
                                                      1. Membrane potentials

                                                        Annotations:

                                                        • Proton motive force=potential-->responsible for permeability. الطاقة بتاع الخلية Some antimicrobial agents--> Dissipation of PMF يعني تشويهها Tetrachlorosalicylanilide Tricarbanilie Tri chloro carbinialide
                                                        1. Membrane premiability

                                                          Annotations:

                                                          • يؤثر على transport system بعض الantimicrobial Chlorohexidine cetrimide phenol hydroxyresorcinol بيسببو leakage في بعض المجموعات والعناصر المميزة كيميائياً مثل Potassium ion Amino à
                                                      2. Resistance
                                                        1. Resistance
                                                          1. Resistance
                                                            1. Resistance
                                                              1. Resistance
                                                                1. Resistance
                                                                  1. Resistance
                                                                    1. Resistance
                                                                      1. Resistance
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