Tuberculosis (TB)

Ethical/Legal Consequences
1. Local Health Stratagies
  1. Providing an evaluating process
  2. Providing resources to prevent TB
    1. Better Healthcare
    2. Better working conditions
      1. Hospitals
      2. Prisons
  3. Controlling TB
  4. Raising community awareness
    1. Media
      1. News
      2. Brochures
2. Global Health Strategies
  1. Third World Countries
    1. Raising funds
      1. To help spread information
        Presentations
        Media
      2. Donations directly to citizens in need of help
        Creating medicine
        Shipping medicine and other resources
      3. Better healthcare
    2. Declaring it a curable disease
      1. Treatment at United Nations' aiding areas
        Cost of $10 for full treatment
        80% chance of success
3. Not disclosing the disease to others
  1. Spread TB fast as it travels through the air
    1. Can infect anyone that spends time with infected
      1. Friends
      2. Family
    2. Can spread in many ways
      1. Coughing
      2. Sneezing
      3. Singing
4. Illegal activity
  1. Full treatment procedure is required
    1. Thus illegal activity will not occur
  2. May happen if one cannot afford treatment
Economic Consequences
1. Costs
  1. Treatment
    1. $10 in third world countries
    2. $47,290 per case in Canada
      1. More advanced technology
  2. Research
    1. Since 2004 in Canada, total cost is $74 million
      1. Included in this cost is money spent to spread awareness
        Schools
        Programs
      2. More advanced technology
2. Jobs
  1. More cases of tuberculosis led to the need of more scientists
    1. Research
    2. Finding the cure
      1. As more died, jobs were lost in the process
    3. Prevent spreading
3. Cultural Divides
  1. Third world Countries
    1. Not enough money
      1. Poverty and those without proper nutrition
  2. Poverty and those without proper nutrition
    1. Divides individuals that have a higher chance from those with a lower chance
Personal Consequences
1. Short Term Effects
  1. A bad cough
    1. Can last 3 weeks or longer
    2. Can cough up blood
  2. Weight loss
    1. No appetite
  3. Chills or Fever
  4. Sweating
2. Long Term Effects
  1. Lung Damage
    1. Lungs can collapse
  2. Organ damage
    1. Main organs such as the liver can be damaged
  3. Joint Damage
    1. Pain and swelling
  4. Eye problems
    1. Can turn red
      1. Damage vision
3. Personal Actions
  1. Having proper medical care
  2. Not using substances
    1. Drugs & Alcohal
    2. Tobacco
  3. Not working in certain areas
    1. Health Care work
    2. Prisons
    3. Immigration centers
    4. Nursing homes
  4. Not living in a refugee camp
4. Public Awareness
  1. Take part in World TB Day
    1. Donate to charities
  2. Pass information through different forms of media
    1. Organize a discussion
    2. Pass brochures
  3. Lower stigma related to TB
    1. Don''t let it spread by making someone feel bad to tell others
5. Quality of Life
  1. Physical and psychological effected most
    1. Females stronger then males
  2. Social effected least
    1. Males stronger then females
Environmental Consequences
1. Local Short Term
  1. Spreads through the air
    1. Can cause TB to infect others over time
      1. Will remain in air for a short time
2. Local Long Term
  1. Contamination of water
    1. TB patient using water will infect the water over a long time
      1. Local community will be affected by the contaminated water
        Water can spread to major bodies of water infecting wildlife
3. Global Short Term
  1. Ocean contaminated with medical waste
    1. Needles
      1. Toxins release into water and infect fish and latter other animals in the food chain
        Can travel into landfills and infect children playing with the syringes
    2. Bandages
4. Global Long Term
  1. Badges and cattle TB spreading
    1. No cure or how many are currently infected
      1. Continues to spread
      2. Testing is done
        Negative tests are thrown away
        Will have a global impact on its population if no cure is found
Scientific Consequences
1. What is TB?
  1. Tube or hole will be formed in lung
    1. Prevents easy breathing
  2. Only 25% will experience symptoms before diagnoses
  3. Short Term Effects
2. Scientific Research
  1. Source of the disease has been found
    1. Vaccines are used to help patients but it is not 100% ready yet.
      1. Research is still going on to perfect the treatment
  2. Several medications are being studied for multi-drug resistance
    1. Delamanid
    2. Bedaquiline
3. Disease Prevention
  1. Vaccine created in 2011 known as bacillus Calmette–Guérin.
    1. Prevents development of TB but not contraction of TB.
    2. Uncommon in North America and the U.K.
      1. It is still available to those who are at high risk
4. Current Therapies
  1. Antibiotics are used to kill the bacteria
    1. Preferred that the therapy is observed by W.H.O. to reduce error
    2. It is important to take treatment because it will stop t from spreading and since there is no cure, it is the only option
  2. Effective TB treatment is difficult
    1. Because of the unusual structure and chemical composition of the cell wall
Social Consequences
1. Epidemic Control
  1. Everyone will have to do a mandatory test
    1. Vaccinations will be distributed at high demand to those t high risk
      1. In developing countries vaccinations will be distributed based on risk and supply constraints
    2. Daily life will include having to wear masks to cover breathing and using sanitizer
2. Countries Effected
  1. TB is most common in Africe
    1. Most effected are young children and the elderly
      1. This is due to lack of education and vaccinations
        The situation in Africa is not getting better as no significant changes are taking palce
        No change in lifestyle
        No change in education
3. Stigma
  1. Poor and dirty people are being treated as if thy have this disease
    1. People think they are more prone to getting it thus stay away from them
  2. People who have it will not tell others in fear of being rejected forever.
4. Advanced Groups
  1. World Health Organization declared TB a global health emergency in 1993
    1. Developed into a global plan to stop TB in 2006
      1. Aims to save 14 million lives by 2015
        Not likely to be met as more and more are getting TB even after the new vaccinations in 2011

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Tuberculosis (TB)

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	Created by satnam_athwal almost 11 years ago