The Paris Peace Conference 1919-20

The Armistice 11/11/18
1. Germany sought an armistice
  1. Wilson's 14 points
  2. Failure of Operation Micheal
  3. Arrival of US troops
  4. Allied blockade
  5. Mutiny and revolution
  6. Kaiser abdicated
2. Terms
  1. withdraw troops from France
  2. withdraw troops from Rhineland
  3. surrender weapons
Anti-German Mood
1. Destruction of towns, farms
  1. in Belgium/ N. France
2. Casualities
  1. 71% soldiers
3. Atrocity stories
  1. Lusitana
  2. Edith Cavell
  3. Scarborough
4. MPs promised electorate to make Germany pay
Aims of Big 3
1. Wilson
  1. 14 points
    1. self determination
      1. e.g. Poles, unrealistic
    2. disarmament
    3. league of nations
2. Lloyd George
  1. needed some reparations
    1. didn't want to destroy trade w Germany
  2. promised electorate to make Germany pay
  3. threatened by Germany's colonies/ navy
3. Clemenceau
  1. revenge
    1. heavy reparations to rebuild france
    2. take away territory with resources
    3. take back alsace lorraine
  2. prevent Germany attacking again
    1. Rhineland independent - buffer zone
Terms or TOV
1. Germany made to accept blame & pay reparation £6,600 million
2. Germany lost 13% territory
  1. Alsace-Lorraine (iron)
  2. Polish Corridor (&Danzig) cut off east Prussia
  3. Saar (coal) run by league for 15 years
  4. Rhineland demilitarised & occupied
  5. Anschluss forbidden
  6. Germany lost colonies "unfit"
3. lost 10% population
4. army reduced to 100,000
5. navy reduced
  1. ships handed to Britain (Scapa flow)
6. no tanks, submarines or planes
7. Verdict
  1. not as harsh as Brest-Litovsk
  2. considering pressures at conference: GB, Fr and USA
  3. created economic & political problems for Germany
    1. led to WW2
  4. 30% poland not polish, 3 million Germans in Cz
German resentment of TofV
1. believed they were fighting a defensive war
  1. didn't agree that they caused the war
  2. did not think they had surrendered
2. wilsons 14 points
3. Kaiser gone, don't punish the new govt.
4. 'diktat' not invited to discussions
5. terms
  1. cut into 2
  2. Poles given self determination but not Germans
    1. many germans in other countries
6. defences
  1. army was German pride
    1. reduced
  2. Germany defenceless and disarmed
  3. Rhineland demilitarised
7. not allowed in League
8. described as unfit
  1. GBs hypocrisy - Amritsar massacre
9. had to sight
Other Treaties
1. 1919 St Germain - Austria
2. 1919 Neuilly - Bulgaria
3. 1920 Trianon - Hungary
4. 1920 Sevres - Turkey
5. 1923 Lausanne

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The Paris Peace Conference 1919-20

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	Created by Chané Ghuman about 11 years ago