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Laila has a pain in the arm
- Anatomy of the forearm
- Anterior Compartment
- Posterior compartment
- Anterior Compartment
- Dermatomes
- Pain
- Pain perception could be influenced by:
- Behavioral responses
- Emotional reactions
- Past or present experiences
- Behavioral responses
- Localization of Pain
- Cutaneous Pain
- Deep Somatic Pain
- Psychogenic Pain
- Visceral Pain
- Cutaneous Pain
- Types of pain
- Stimuli Excite Pain Receptors
- Thermal
- Mechanical
- Chemical
- Thermal
- Pattern of pain perception
- 1. Transduction
- 2.Transmission
- 3. Central processing
- 4. Modulation
- 1. Transduction
- Pain receptors - Nociceptors
- Sensory receptors that detect signals from damaged tissue
- Free nerve endings with large receptive fields
- Found in the skin , muscle, joints, bone and viscera.
- Hyperalgesia
- No nociceptors are found inside the CNS.
- Sensory receptors that detect signals from damaged tissue
- Treatment
- NSAIDs
- Acetaminophen
- Antidepressants
- Anti-seizure medications
- Steroids
- NSAIDs
- Pain perception could be influenced by:
- Psychological aspect
- Psychological effects of pain
- Increase in negative feelings
- Pain and depression
- Pain catastrophizing
- Social stigma
- Increase in negative feelings
- Psychological management of pain
- Relaxation Techniques
- Relax muscle groups one at a time
- Learn and remember what relaxation feels like
- Practice and repetition
- Used for stress and anxiety
- Combine with deep breathing exercises
- Relax muscle groups one at a time
- Cognitive Therapy = Distraction or diversion of attention
- Biofeedback = Provides bio-physiological feedback
to patient about bodily process
- Hypnosis = a technique to help a patient reach a focused state
- Relaxation Techniques
- Psychological effects of pain
- Shingles
- What is it?
- An infection of a nerve area caused by the varicella-zoster virus. It causes pain and a rash along a
band of skin supplied by the affected nerve.
- An infection of a nerve area caused by the varicella-zoster virus. It causes pain and a rash along a
band of skin supplied by the affected nerve.
- Risk Factors
- History of having had chickenpox
- Being older than 50
- Undergoing cancer treatments
- Taking certain medications
- Having certain diseases (Such as HIV\AIDS)
- History of having had chickenpox
- Signs and symptoms
- Pain, burning, numbness or tingling
- Sensitivity to touch
- Sensitivity to light
- Fatigue
- Pain, burning, numbness or tingling
- Pathophysiology
- Complications
- Vision loss of eye problems
- Neurological problems
- Skin infections
- Scarring and skin discoloration
- Bacterial infection of the blisters
- Post herpetic neuralgia
- Pain that does not go away within 1
month. It may last for months or
even years after shingles heals
- Types of this pain experienced
- Constant burning, aching,
throbbing, stabbing, or
shooting pain
- Allodynia
- Hyperalgesia
- Constant burning, aching,
throbbing, stabbing, or
shooting pain
- Pain that does not go away within 1
month. It may last for months or
even years after shingles heals
- Vision loss of eye problems
- Prevention & Treatment
- NSAIDs
- Usually used for the treatment of
acute or chronic conditions where
pain and inflammation are present.
- Mechanism of action
- COX 2 Is inhibited.
- Cox1 and 2 are enzymes that produce
prostanglandins (are produced from
arachadonic acids)
- COX 2 Is inhibited.
- Side effect
- Nausea
- Vomitting
- Diahrrea
- Constipation
- Decreased appetite
- Rash
- Dizziness
- Headache
- Drowsiness
- Nausea
- Types
- Usually used for the treatment of
acute or chronic conditions where
pain and inflammation are present.
- NSAIDs
- What is it?
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