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Swelling in the leg

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Mind Map on Swelling in the leg, created by Abdullah Al Sadah on 24/03/2017.
Abdullah Al Sadah
Mind Map by Abdullah Al Sadah, updated more than 1 year ago
Abdullah Al Sadah
Created by Abdullah Al Sadah about 7 years ago
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Resource summary

Swelling in the leg
  1. 13 year old Rani, Diagnosed with osteocarcinoma
    1. Anatomy of the thigh
      1. Anterior compartment
        1. Medial compartment
          1. Posterior compartment
            1. Nerves,Vein,& Artery
            2. Histology of Bones
              1. 4 cell types make up osseous tissues
                1. Osteoclasts
                  1. Osteoprogenitor cells
                    1. Osteocytes
                      1. Osteoblasts
                      2. Types of bones
                        1. Compact Bone
                          1. Spongy Bone
                            1. Woven bones
                          2. Radiology Anatomy
                            1. Diagnosing Bone tumors
                              1. Imaging test
                                1. Rdionuclide Bone scans
                                  1. MRI
                                    1. X-rays
                                      1. CT Scans
                                        1. PET Scans
                                        2. Biopsy
                                          1. 2 types
                                            1. Needle Biopsy
                                              1. Open Biopsy
                                              2. Bone Biopsy
                                                1. Procedure in which Bone samples are removed to find out if cancer or other abnormal cells are present
                                                  1. Risks of Bone Biopsy
                                                    1. Excessive Bleeding
                                                      1. Damage to surrounding tissue
                                                        1. Bone fractures
                                                          1. Infection
                                                    2. Features of Benign & Malignant Tumors
                                                      1. Benign
                                                        1. Geographic bone destruction
                                                          1. Well defined margins
                                                            1. Thicker sclerotic margins
                                                              1. Thickening of the periosteum
                                                              2. Malignant
                                                                1. Moth eaten pattern of Bone destruction
                                                                  1. Permeative Bone destruction
                                                                    1. Poorly defined margins
                                                                      1. Codman's Triangle
                                                                    2. Classification of bone tumors
                                                                      1. Benign
                                                                        1. Osteochondroma
                                                                          1. Osteoid osteoma
                                                                            1. Osteoblastoma
                                                                              1. Giant Cell tumor
                                                                              2. Metastasis
                                                                                1. Cancers that commonly spreads to bone
                                                                                  1. Breast cancer
                                                                                    1. Lung cancer
                                                                                      1. Prostate cancer
                                                                                    2. Malignant
                                                                                      1. Chondrosarcoma
                                                                                        1. Ewing's sarcoma
                                                                                          1. Osteosarcoma
                                                                                        2. Pathological features of benign & malignant tumors
                                                                                          1. Osteosarcoma
                                                                                            1. Osteoid osteoma
                                                                                              1. Osteoma
                                                                                                1. Osteochondroma
                                                                                                  1. Ewing sarcoma
                                                                                                  2. Treatment of osteosarcoma
                                                                                                    1. Surgery Amputation
                                                                                                      1. Limb saving surgery
                                                                                                        1. Chemotherpy
                                                                                                          1. Most treated with chemo before surgery(neo-adjuvant),after treatment(adjuvant)
                                                                                                            1. Methotrexate, doxorubicin,topotecan
                                                                                                            2. External Beam radiation therapy
                                                                                                            3. Consent
                                                                                                              1. It protects the doctor from accusations, law suits and defamation
                                                                                                                1. It's important for individuals autonomy
                                                                                                                  1. Exceptions: Minors,Mentally challenged...
                                                                                                                    1. Substitute consent giver is a person able to give consent on behalf of the patient
                                                                                                                    2. Common reactions to Trauma in teen agers
                                                                                                                      1. Depression
                                                                                                                        1. Disturbed sleeping patterns
                                                                                                                          1. Anhedonia
                                                                                                                            1. Solitary behaviour
                                                                                                                              1. Difficulty with concentration

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