Janice's Painful Knee

ANATOMY
1. knee joint
2. the leg
  1. anterior compartment
  2. lateral compartment
  3. posterior compartment
    1. superificial
    2. deep
  4. blood supply
  5. innervation
Connective tissue
1. consists of cells and extracellular components
2. does not contain vessels or nerves
3. surrounded by perichondrium
4. ground substance
  1. hyaluronan
  2. tropocollagen
    1. collagen's precursor
  3. chondroitin sulfate
5. types
  1. fibrous cartilage
    1. type 1 collagen dominant
      1. found in
        intra=articular structures
        intervertebral discs
  2. elastic cartilage
    1. elastic fibers dominant
      1. found in
        epiglottis
        external ear
  3. hyaline cartilage
    1. glassy appearance
      1. found in
        costal cartilage
        articular cartilage
causes of knee pain
1. injuries
  1. ACL injury
  2. fractures
  3. knee bursitis
  4. patellar tendinitis
2. mechanical problems
  1. iliotibial syndrome
  2. dislocated patella
  3. hip or foot pain
3. ARTHRITIS
  1. Rheumatoid Arthritis
  2. Gout
  3. Osteoarthritis
    1. degenerative joint disease of asymmetrical joints
      1. primary
        idiopathic
      2. secondary
        known joint disease or trauma
      3. Pathologenesis
    2. risk factors
      1. age
        above 45 years
      2. obesity
      3. genetic mutations
      4. trauma
      5. physical activity
      6. alignment
    3. signs & symptoms
      1. pain on movement or loading
      2. crepitus
      3. swelling, tenderness
    4. X-ray Clinical findings
      1. decrease in joint space
      2. osteophytes
      3. sclerosis
    5. Treatment
      1. non pharmacological
        exercise
        education
        lifestyle
      2. pharmacological
        Glucosamine
        naturally found around the joints
        can be given in supplements
        function
        relieves joint pain
        improve joint function
        slow down the disease
      3. surgical
        stem cell injection
        knee joint replacement

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Janice's Painful Knee

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	Created by Salma Mk over 7 years ago