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muscular dystophy

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Mind Map on muscular dystophy, created by leen abuafifeh on 20/04/2017.
leen abuafifeh
Mind Map by leen abuafifeh, updated more than 1 year ago
leen abuafifeh
Created by leen abuafifeh almost 9 years ago
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Resource summary

muscular dystophy
  1. Anatomy of the foot
    1. Bones
      1. talus, calcaneus, cuneiformes (3), cuboid, and navicular
        1. metatarsus (5): first, second, third, fourth, and fifth metatarsal bone
          1. phalanges (14)
          2. Joints
            1. Inferior tibio-fibular joint
              1. Fibrous/syndysmosis
              2. ankle joint
                1. articulation
                  1. mortise
                    1. talus
                    2. movements
                      1. dorsiflexion
                        1. planterflexion
                        2. ligaments
                          1. medial collateral
                            1. tibionavicular
                              1. tibiocalcaneal
                                1. ant. and post. tibiotalar
                                2. lateral collateral
                                  1. calcaneofibular
                                    1. ant. and post talofibular
                                    2. post. tibiofibular
                                3. Muscles
                                  1. 1st layer
                                    1. Abductor hallucis
                                      1. Flexor digitorum brevis
                                        1. Abductor digiti minim
                                        2. 2nd layer
                                          1. Quadratus plantae
                                            1. tendon of FHL
                                              1. tendon of FDL
                                            2. Lumbricals
                                            3. 3rd layer
                                              1. Flexor digiti minim
                                                1. Flexor hallucis brevis
                                                  1. Adductor hallucis
                                              2. 4th layer
                                                1. Plantar interossei
                                                  1. Dorsal interossei
                                                    1. tendon of TP
                                                      1. tendon of FL
                                                2. Nerve
                                                  1. post. tibial
                                                    1. Lateral Plantar
                                                      1. the rest of foot muscles
                                                      2. Medial Plantar
                                                        1. 1) Abductor hallucis. 2) Flexor digitorum brevis. 3) Flexor hallucis brevis 4) First lumbrical muscle
                                                      3. cutaneus
                                                        1. sole
                                                          1. dorsum
                                                        2. blood supply
                                                          1. sole
                                                            1. posterior tibial artery
                                                              1. Lateral Plantar Artery
                                                                1. 1st digital artery
                                                                  1. anastomotic branch
                                                                    1. perforating branchs
                                                                      1. 1st planter metatarsal
                                                                        1. 2nd planter metatarsal
                                                                          1. 3rd planter metatarsal
                                                                            1. 4th planter metatarsal
                                                                              1. planter arch
                                                                            2. Medial Plantar Artery
                                                                              1. deep branch
                                                                                1. superficial branch
                                                                            3. dorsum
                                                                              1. anterior tibial artery
                                                                                1. Dorsalis Pedis Artery
                                                                                  1. arcuate
                                                                                    1. 4th dorsal metatarsal
                                                                                      1. 5th dorsal metatarsal
                                                                                      2. 3rd dorsal metatarsal
                                                                                        1. 2nd dorsal metatarsal
                                                                                        2. 1st dorsal metatarsal
                                                                                          1. medial branch
                                                                                            1. lateral branch
                                                                                            2. deep planter
                                                                                              1. medial and lateral tarsal
                                                                                        3. Gait Cycle
                                                                                          1. Abnormalities in
                                                                                            1. skeleton
                                                                                              1. muscles
                                                                                                1. nervous system
                                                                                                2. STRIDE
                                                                                                  1. from the initial contact of a particular limb to the point of initial contact of the SAME limb and is equivalent to one gait cycle
                                                                                                  2. STEP
                                                                                                    1. from initial contact of one limb to the initial contact of the contralateral limb.  Therefore, there are two steps in each stride (or gait cycle).
                                                                                                  3. Physical examination
                                                                                                    1. special tests
                                                                                                  4. Management
                                                                                                    1. STEROIDS
                                                                                                      1. creatine monohydrate
                                                                                                      2. Psychological aspects
                                                                                                        1. marginalization and isolation
                                                                                                          1. hypochondriac thoughts
                                                                                                            1. anxiety
                                                                                                              1. self-depreciation
                                                                                                              2. TYPES
                                                                                                                1. Myotonic Duchenne Becker Limb-girdle Facioscapulohumeral Congenital Oculopharyngeal Distal Emery-Dreifuss
                                                                                                                  1. Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
                                                                                                                    1. symptoms
                                                                                                                      1. DMD is caused by an absence of dystrophin, a protein that helps keep muscle cells intact
                                                                                                                        1. Tests for DMD
                                                                                                                          1. Creatin kinase test
                                                                                                                            1. EMG
                                                                                                                              1. Creatinine
                                                                                                                                1. Dystrophin test
                                                                                                                                  1. MUSCLE BIOPSY
                                                                                                                                    1. function of the thyroid
                                                                                                                                    2. mode of inheritance
                                                                                                                                      1. X-LINKED RESESSIVE
                                                                                                                                      2. MICROSCOPIC
                                                                                                                                        1. connective tissue proliferation, scattered degenerating and regenerating myofibres.
                                                                                                                                        2. Complications
                                                                                                                                          1. Cardiomyopathy
                                                                                                                                            1. Congestive heart failure
                                                                                                                                              1. Heart arrhythmias
                                                                                                                                                1. Mental impairment
                                                                                                                                                2. GOWER'S SIGN

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